Evacuating a Person with Dementia: A Comprehensive Guide
Apr 17, 2025
Colorado - Colorado Springs
Natural disasters and emergencies happen unexpectedly, making it crucial to be prepared, especially when caring for someone with dementia. Here in Southern Colorado, we have had multiple Red Flag Warnings already this year. Also multiple grass fires with evacuation orders have raised the hairs on many people’s necks. We also have the Los Angeles fires and Lahaina fires still fresh in our minds. On the flip side, the Colorado Springs area experienced blizzard and white out conditions with power outages which also raised stress and anxiety for caregivers of those experiencing brain change. Evacuating a person with dementia requires thoughtful planning and preparation to ensure their safety and comfort. This guide provides essential tips on how to effectively evacuate a person with dementia and what to include in a "Go Bag" to make the process as smooth as possible.
Understanding the Challenges
People with dementia often experience confusion, memory loss, and disorientation. In a high-stress situation like an evacuation, their cortisol hormone rises. Cortisol is the “fight or flight hormone”. Agitation and confusion can become more pronounced, making it essential for caregivers to provide reassurance and a sense of security just as you would for children. Here are some challenges to consider:
Disorientation: Changes in environment can lead to increased confusion.
Communication Difficulties: The person may have trouble expressing their needs or understanding instructions. Sequencing instructions is already challenging then add the stress of the emergency.
Increased Anxiety: Unfamiliar situations can trigger fear and anxiety and your person may not be capable of expressing those feelings. This could result in anger and frustration.
Preparing for Evacuation
Preparation is key to ensuring a safe and efficient evacuation. Here are some steps to take:
Develop an Evacuation Plan:
Identify safe evacuation routes and destinations ahead of time.
Ensure that all family members and caregivers are aware of the plan.
Practice the evacuation plan regularly to reduce anxiety and confusion.
Establish a Support Network:
Inform neighbors, friends, and local emergency services about the needs of the person with dementia.
Designate a primary and backup caregiver to assist during an evacuation.
Create a Familiar Environment:
Pack in the Go Bag familiar items or objects that provide comfort and security to the person with dementia.
Keep outside stressors to a minimum
Make sure the emergency is not on the TV. Keep the favorite or normal shows on the screen.
If possible give a task to your person. “I really could use some help with gathering X. Could you help me with that?” Your tone should be calm.
The Essential "Go Bag"
Having a well-prepared "go bag" is crucial for a successful evacuation. Here’s what you should include:
Personal Identification and Medical Information
Identification: Include a photo ID, medical ID bracelet, and any necessary documentation.
Medical Records: A list of current medications, medical conditions, and healthcare provider contact information.
Emergency Contacts: A list of family members, caregivers, and healthcare professionals.
Essential Supplies
Medications: At least a week's supply of medications, along with instructions for administration.
Personal Hygiene Items: Toothbrush, toothpaste, wipes, and other personal care products.
Clothing: Comfortable and weather-appropriate clothing, including a hat for both keeping warm and sun protection, sturdy shoes. People experiencing dementia often feel temperature differently; it may be their brain misinterpreting hot or cold. Prepare for the potential weather.
Blanket or Pillow: For added comfort and familiarity.
Comfort and Familiarity
Favorite Snacks: Non-perishable snacks that the person enjoys.
Sensory Items: Items like a soft toy, fidget spinner, or a familiar object to reduce anxiety.
Games: Simple games that the person is familiar with. This could depend on their stage of dementia.
Photographs or Mementos: Photos of loved ones or cherished items that can help calm and reassure.
Communication Tools
Notebook and Pen.
Pre-written Notes: Cards with simple messages or instructions that the person with dementia can understand.
Emergency Tools
Flashlight and Batteries: To help navigate in the dark if necessary.
First Aid Kit: Basic supplies for minor injuries.
During the Evacuation
During the evacuation, maintain a calm and positive demeanor. Speak in short, simple sentences and offer reassurance frequently. Keep the person with dementia close to you, and involve them in simple tasks if possible to provide a sense of purpose and control.
By preparing thoroughly and thoughtfully, you can ensure that an evacuation is as smooth as possible for a person with dementia. Remember, the key is to remain calm, organized, and compassionate. Your preparedness can make a significant difference in their feeling of safety and well-being.
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