Five Tips to Improve Medication Management

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Jun 25, 2021

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Do you know the name of every medication youre taking and why it was prescribed?
Forty percent of older adults take five or more prescription drugs each day, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The clinical term to describe the issue is polypharmacy defined as the concurrent use of multiple medications, common among seniors. Administering multiple medications can feel like a juggling act for many seniors, and Anthology Senior Living is dedicated to improving seniors quality of life through medication management.
Medications are generally safe when following the label and while under the care of a qualified physician, says Peggy Brekke, Vice President of Clinical Services at Anthology Senior Living, but the regular use of multiple prescription drugs must be closely monitored for any redundancies or potentially harmful drug interactions.
Medication management is one of the first steps Anthology Senior Living clinicians take when a new resident joins the community.
When residents arrive at our community, theyll typically bring with them a large number of medications, and it is not uncommon to learn that the medications were not being administered correctly, says Brekke.
Improper use of medications can lead to multiple symptoms and negative outcomes. A negative outcome can occur when one specialist isn't aware of what another specialist has prescribed, and as a result a senior may take two medications that do the same thing. In some instances, a senior, family member or caregiver is not clear about the full list of prescriptions or the purpose of the medications and may fail to pick them up or refill them on time.
When taking multiple drugs at the same time, there may be contraindications, which are conditions that make a particular treatment or procedure potentially inadvisable. Contraindications can cause a senior to feel sick, dizzy or tired. In turn, this can lead to another medication being prescribed for that "symptom," possibly causing further complications. Another potential risk occurs when combining over-the-counter medications and supplements. Many people arent aware that these can cause harmful side effects or interactions.
For each resident, Anthology Senior Living creates a customized care plan, including a review of all medications and their potential interactions. At the community level, clinicians maintain a quality-assurance program around safety practices, auditing, and the verification of new medication orders. Information gets centralized in an electronic record which is shared with the primary care physician and reviewed by one of Anthology Senior Livings national pharmacy providers every 90 days.
For roughly 14 million seniors living at home, here are Anthology Senior Livings top five tips to help improve medication management for yourself or a loved one.

1. Take Medications as Prescribed
It may sound simple, but it is important to take medications as prescribed. Some eye-opening statistics from the CDC: Medication is not taken as prescribed 50 per cent of the time, and 20 to 30 percent of new prescriptions are never even filled. Yet taking medications as prescribed is essential in treating both chronic and short term conditions. You can reduce the risk of complications by carefully following the instructions on your medications and by asking questions of your healthcare provider if you need clarity on any aspect of taking your medicines, such as dose, time(s) of day, how long to continue taking the medication, and whether or not a refill will be needed once the prescribed number of pills have been taken. At the same time, do let your physician know if you are experiencing undesired side effects, and discuss if adjustments to the prescription could help.

2. Organize Prescription and Over-the-Counter Drugs
Sort your medications. Some may be prescription medications while others may be over-the-counter (OTC) medicines or supplements. Prescription medications are prescribed by a doctor whereas over-the-counter medicines can be obtained without a prescription. Over-the-counter drugs, vitamins and supplements could have adverse effects or harmful interactions when combined with prescription medications, so it is important to have an accurate account of every medicine you are taking. Keep a list of all medications you are taking, and consider investing in a pill organizer so you can stay on top of your medication regime.

3. Understand the Label and Ask Questions
Whenever you use a medication, reading the label is an important step in taking care of yourself and your loved ones. If the information on the drug label is unclear or you have questions, consult your healthcare provider. According toConsumer Reports, more than half a million Americans misinterpret prescription drug labels each year. Both prescription and over the counter drug labels include safety information, directions for use, warnings, medication guides, and other information. Before you start taking a new medication, review the drug label with your health care provider and let them know of any health conditions you have, and any medications and supplements you take.

4. Review Medications with Your Primary Care Doctor on a Regular Basis
Bring a complete list of your prescription medications, vitamins and supplements to your next primary care physician visit. If you havent created your list of medications, bring in your pill bottles and labels.Review the medications and dosages that have been prescribed to you, and whether you are actually taking these medications regularly. Discuss any known allergies youve had to medications and let your doctor know any specialists. Prepare to ask your doctor these questions: are there drugs on your list that you should no longer be taking? Could two or more of your medications cause harm if taken together? It is best to talk with a single health provider, ideally your primary care physician, about all of your prescription and OTC medicines. At Anthology Senior Living, we complete a medication review process every 90 days for all members of our community. Mark a date on your calendar every 90 days to review your medications.

5. Review Your Diet
Certain medications cannot be taken with certain foods or drinks. According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) grapefruit can affect the rate at which your liver processes drugs, potentially causing adverse effects when taking certain medications. Some green, leafy vegetables such as kale, spinach and broccoli can counteract the effectiveness of blood thinners used to prevent strokes. We advise consulting your doctor and reviewing your diet for any potentially dangerous interactions caused by food or drink. It is also important to be aware if you should take medications on an empty stomach or with meals.

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a principal residence when applicable conditions are satisfied.Ownership and Estate Recovery Are Different IssuesAn asset's treatment during eligibility evaluation does not necessarily determine whether it may be subject to Medicaid estate recovery later.Consult an Elder Law AttorneyProperty transfers, deeds, trusts, and estate recovery questions can have serious legal implications.Families should obtain individualized legal advice before making changes to a home's ownership.Understanding the Five-Year Medicaid Look-Back PeriodOne of the most important issues in long-term care Medicaid planning is the financial look-back period.For many New Jersey long-term care Medicaid applications, the state reviews financial transactions during the preceding five years.What Is the Look-Back Period?The look-back period helps determine whether assets were transferred for less than fair market value during the relevant review period.Transactions That May Require ExplanationThese may include:Cash giftsTransfers to relativesProperty transfersLarge withdrawalsAssets sold below market valueCertain payments to family membersTransfers between financial accountsNot Every Transfer Creates a PenaltyThe treatment of a transaction depends on its circumstances, documentation, and applicable exceptions.Why Records MatterApplicants may need to demonstrate where money went and whether fair value was received.Unexplained transactions can lead to additional requests for information or adverse eligibility findings.What Is a Medicaid Transfer Penalty?Certain asset transfers made for less than fair market value may result in a penalty period affecting payment for qualifying long-term care services.How a Penalty Can Affect FamiliesA person might otherwise meet certain Medicaid eligibility requirements but face a period during which Medicaid will not pay for specified long-term care services because of a disqualifying transfer.A Penalty Can Create Financial PressureFamilies may need to identify another lawful way to pay for care during the affected period.Penalty Rules Are TechnicalThe calculation depends on applicable state rules and the circumstances of the transfer.Avoid Assuming a Gift Is HarmlessEven a well-intentioned gift to a child or grandchild may require review.Before transferring significant assets, families should obtain advice from an appropriately qualified elder law attorney.Why Families Should Avoid Improper Asset TransfersWhen an older adult anticipates high care expenses, relatives may suggest transferring savings or property to family members.Such advice can be risky.Potential ProblemsImproper transfers may:Trigger Medicaid penalty periodsDelay coverage for long-term careCreate unintended tax consequencesAffect property ownershipReduce the older adult's financial securityGenerate family disagreementsComplicate estate planningHiding Assets Is Not a Planning StrategyFinancial applications require accurate and complete information.Concealing accounts, misrepresenting ownership, or providing false statements can create serious consequences.Planning Should Be Documented and LawfulA compliant strategy should be based on applicable rules, accurate financial records, and qualified professional guidance.Protecting a Spouse Who Remains at HomeMarried couples may have particular concerns when one spouse requires residential long-term care.The spouse who continues living in the community still needs resources for housing, food, transportation, and everyday expenses.What Are Spousal Impoverishment Protections?Medicaid includes provisions intended to help protect certain income and resources for a qualifying spouse who remains in the community.Areas That May Be ConsideredThese include:Combined marital resourcesThe applicant's incomeThe community spouse's incomeApplicable resource allowancesCertain income allocation rulesOther eligibility circumstancesWhy These Protections MatterWithout appropriate planning, families may misunderstand how much money must be used toward care and what resources may be protected for the other spouse.Amounts and Rules ChangeApplicable allowances can be adjusted over time.Families should confirm current figures and obtain individualized guidance rather than relying on outdated charts.Planning for Both Spouses' Financial NeedsA good long-term care financial plan should not focus exclusively on the person applying for benefits.The Community Spouse May Still Have Expenses ForHousingProperty maintenanceUtilitiesFoodTransportationInsurancePersonal healthcareTaxesOther everyday needsConsider Separate Financial GoalsThe applicant may require extensive residential care while the spouse needs sustainable income for independent living.Review the Entire Household BudgetUnderstanding ongoing expenses is important when evaluating available resources and possible benefit options.Professional CoordinationSky Senior Planning offers financial reviews and coordination with legal and financial professionals who can advise on complex marital planning issues.The Difference Between Compliant Spend-Down and Improper TransfersFamilies sometimes hear the term spend-down during Medicaid discussions.It is important to understand what it means in the applicable eligibility context.Compliant SpendingUsing available resources for legitimate expenses, goods, or services at fair value may have a different eligibility effect from giving money away.Examples Requiring Individual EvaluationThese may include:Paying legitimate debtsAddressing necessary home repairsPurchasing appropriate care equipmentPaying allowable medical expensesArranging necessary servicesAddressing certain burial-related expensesNot Every Purchase Is Treated the Same WayThe timing, ownership, value, and applicable program rules matter.Do Not Make Major Financial Changes Based on General ExamplesA qualified professional should evaluate proposed transactions before they occur.Sky Senior Planning can help families organize their financial situation for that review.Why Caregiver Payments Need DocumentationSome older adults compensate relatives who provide substantial caregiving assistance.These arrangements can create Medicaid documentation questions.Important ConsiderationsPayments to family caregivers may need appropriate records showing the nature of the work and the compensation.Documentation May IncludeA written agreementDescription of servicesPayment recordsCaregiver logsEvidence of services providedWhy Informal Payments Can Be ComplicatedPayments without appropriate documentation may be questioned during a financial review.Seek Professional GuidanceFamily caregiver contracts can involve legal, employment, and tax considerations.An elder law attorney or other qualified professional should evaluate the arrangement.Preparing Financial Documentation Before ApplyingMedicaid planning can be more manageable when families begin gathering records early.Important Records May IncludeBank statementsRetirement account statementsInvestment recordsIncome documentationProperty recordsInsurance informationLoan agreementsMajor purchase recordsTransfer documentationCaregiving agreementsRelevant tax informationOrganize Records ChronologicallyA timeline of significant transactions may help identify missing documentation.Explain Unusual TransactionsLarge transfers, withdrawals, or account changes may require additional supporting information.Keep Complete CopiesFamilies should preserve documents and communications according to applicable privacy and recordkeeping requirements.When Should an Elder Law Attorney Be Consulted?Medicaid planning can involve legal decisions that go beyond preparing an application.Issues That May Require an AttorneyThese include:Creating or modifying trustsTransferring real estateReviewing deedsDrafting powers of attorneyEstablishing legal caregiver agreementsEvaluating complex giftsAddressing estate recoveryAdvising on spousal rightsProviding legal representationWhy Legal Advice MattersDecisions involving property and trusts can affect eligibility, taxes, inheritance, and the older adult's legal rights.Sky Senior Planning's RoleSky Senior Planning coordinates with elder law attorneys and other specialists when appropriate.It provides planning and application-related assistance but does not replace a licensed attorney.Coordinating Medicaid Planning With Financial ProfessionalsLong-term care decisions can affect multiple areas of a family's finances.Professionals Who May Be InvolvedDepending on the situation:Elder law attorneysFinancial advisorsAccountantsTax professionalsHealthcare providersMedicaid planning specialistsWhy Coordination HelpsA decision intended to address Medicaid eligibility may also affect income taxes, retirement distributions, or estate arrangements.Avoid Conflicting AdviceFamilies should ensure the professionals involved understand the overall care and financial goals.A Central Planning ProcessSky Senior Planning describes helping coordinate communication among appropriate professionals so the family's eldercare strategy is organized.Understanding the Application ProcessEven a well-developed financial plan must be followed by an accurate application when benefits are sought.Application Preparation May InvolveReviewing eligibility informationCompleting required formsGathering recordsExplaining financial transactionsSubmitting documentationResponding to agency questionsTracking official noticesGovernment Agencies Determine EligibilitySky Senior Planning may assist with preparation and submission, but the appropriate state and county agencies make eligibility decisions.Avoid Promising ApprovalAn applicant's eligibility depends on the complete record, current law, and relevant assessments.A planning strategy does not guarantee a favorable decision.What Happens if Additional Information Is Requested?A Medicaid application may require follow-up documentation.Common Requests May InvolveBank accountsIncome verificationRetirement assetsProperty ownershipTransfersMissing statementsSpousal financial informationRespond Within Required DeadlinesFailure to provide requested information can delay processing or affect the application.Keep a Communication RecordFamilies may benefit from noting submission dates, agency contacts, and documents supplied.Understand Formal NoticesRequests for information, approvals, and denials should be reviewed carefully.Avoiding Common Medicaid Planning MistakesFamilies can reduce preventable problems by recognizing common areas of confusion.Mistakes to AvoidTransferring assets without legal adviceUsing outdated eligibility limitsAssuming all property is exemptFailing to account for the five-year look-backDisregarding spousal protectionsMaking undocumented caregiver paymentsMisreporting income or assetsTaking retirement distributions without reviewing consequencesSubmitting incomplete applicationsAssuming a specialist can guarantee approvalAppropriate preparation does not eliminate every challenge, but it can help families make decisions based on accurate information.Expert Tip: Review Transactions Before Changing OwnershipMedicaid Planning Tip: Before gifting money, transferring a home, changing account ownership, or establishing a trust, request an individualized review of the financial and legal consequences. Gather records explaining significant transactions from the relevant look-back period. Proper documentation and qualified advice can help avoid decisions that unintentionally complicate long-term care eligibility.The most important step is understanding the applicable rules before taking action.Frequently Asked Questions About Medicaid Financial Planning1. Can an older adult qualify for Medicaid while still owning a home?Possibly. New Jersey Medicaid rules may provide special treatment for a principal residence under certain circumstances. Eligibility depends on the applicable rules, ownership, occupancy, and other factors. Home ownership and estate recovery questions should be reviewed individually.2. What is the five-year Medicaid look-back period?For many long-term care Medicaid applications, New Jersey reviews financial transactions during the preceding five years to identify certain transfers for less than fair market value. Disqualifying transfers may result in a period during which Medicaid will not pay for specified long-term care services.3. Does a spouse have to use all their savings before the other spouse can qualify?Not necessarily. Medicaid has spousal impoverishment protections that may allow a qualifying community spouse to retain certain income and resources. The amounts and eligibility rules depend on individual circumstances and current requirements.4. Can Sky Senior Planning help families review income and assets?Yes. Sky Senior Planning provides benefit assessments, financial reviews, personalized Medicaid planning assistance, application preparation, and coordination with appropriate professional advisors. It does not provide legal advice or determine eligibility.5. Should families consult an elder law attorney before transferring assets?Yes, legal advice is particularly important when considering trusts, real estate transfers, significant gifts, caregiver agreements, or other transactions that may affect Medicaid eligibility and property rights. Families should avoid making such changes based solely on general planning information.Preparing for Medicaid Without Unnecessary Financial RisksPlanning for long-term care can be challenging when families must balance care expenses with retirement savings, household needs, and future financial security.Medicaid may provide qualifying benefits for older adults who meet applicable requirements, but eligibility is governed by detailed rules involving income, resources, clinical needs, and financial transactions.For families throughout Monmouth County, New Jersey, Sky Senior Planning Medicaid Planning Specialistsprovides assistance intended to make this process more understandable.Through financial assessments, Medicaid planning guidance, documentation review, application preparation, and professional coordination, the organization helps families evaluate their options.Responsible planning should prioritize accurate information, lawful financial decisions, and realistic expectations.It should also consider the well-being of a spouse who remains at home and the financial consequences of decisions involving retirement accounts, property, or family transfers.No planning service can guarantee Medicaid approval or complete protection of every asset.However, understanding the rules before making significant changes can help families avoid unnecessary complications and prepare more thoughtfully for future care needs.Learn More About Sky Senior Planning Medicaid Planning SpecialistsLooking for Medicaid planning assistance in Monmouth County, New Jersey?Visit Sky Senior Planning Medicaid Planning Specialists on SeniorsBlueBook.com to explore its Medicaid Planning listing and learn about income and asset reviews, financial eligibility preparation, and long-term care planning support.Understanding financial eligibility rules before making major decisions can help older adults and their families approach long-term care planning with greater clarity.

Memory Care Options for Seniors With Dementia

Seniors with dementia do not all need the same type of support. Some can continue living at home with the right help, while others benefit from the structure, supervision, and specialized environment of a memory care community. The right fit depends on safety concerns, daily functioning, behavior changes, and how much support family members can provide. This article explains the main types of memory care options and what to consider when deciding which option makes the most sense.What are memory care services?Memory care services offer specialized support for people with dementia, helping to maintain safety, decrease distress, and improve quality of life.Key memory care approaches include:  Supervision and monitoring for safety. Safe and secure environments. Assistance with activities of daily living (ADLs), such as bathing and toileting. Medication management. Activities for cognitive engagement and social connection. Increased structure and routines to help reduce confusion. What makes memory care different from standard senior care is the dementia-specific approach. Caregivers use routines, cueing, redirection, and calm communication strategies designed for people with cognitive impairment. Activities are usually more structured and adapted to attention span, confusion, and sensory needs. The goal is to reduce distress, support function, and create a safer daily life.Now lets take a look at different memory care options that might be suitable for your situation.In-home memory care servicesWith in-home memory care services, seniors remain in their homes, and professionals come to them. This is a good option to supplement care if family members are also providing support. Care offeredIn-home memory care services provide supportive one-on-one care tailored to the individuals needs. The amount of care depends on your loved ones needs and your budget. Options include: A few hours of support each week. Full-time daily help. Daytime, evening, or overnight hours.  Typical safety features and amenitiesWith in-home memory care, the senior receives supervision and assistance only when the professional caregiver is present. Family members are responsible for any additional support and for ensuring that the home is safe. Advantages of in-home memory servicesIn-home memory care can work well when a person with dementia is still able to stay at home with the right support. It offers a level of flexibility and familiarity that many families value.Advantages include: Flexible care schedule. One-on-one support. Lower cost when fewer hours are needed. Familiar home environment and routines. Disadvantages of in-home memory care servicesAs care needs increase and you need more hours of in-home memory care services, the cost can become unsustainable. Keeping the senior at home can also come with significant challenges, including safety concerns, isolation, caregiver burnout, and an unoptimized environment. The person with dementia may also get to the point where the home environment isnt safe or structured enough for them. Adult day care programAdult day care programs are nonresidential services that provide structured activities, assistance with activities of daily living, and social connection during daytime hours. Some programs are specifically designed for people with dementia.Certain programs are also classified as adult day health care, allowing them to include nursing oversight and health monitoring. Others have a social focus instead. Dementia-specific programs can fall into either category. They also have specially trained staff and dementia-specific activities. Care offeredAdult day care programs provide structured support during the day for older adults who are still living at home. The exact services vary by program. In adult day care, your older adult loved one will get: Daytime supervision. Structured activities. Social interaction. Meals and snacks. Help with daily tasks. Transportation (in some programs). Health monitoring (in some programs). Dementia-specific programs feature predictable activities and schedules, smaller groups, and repetition. Adult day care programs are best for seniors who are being supported at home but who need some supervision during the day or could benefit from socialization, particularly those in the early stages of dementia. Typical safety features and amenitiesAdult day care programs are often held in spaces like senior centers, community centers, and health care facilities. Because of this, many of the safety and supportive aspects come from staff rather than from the environment. However, programs often include simple modifications to support safety, such as controlled entrances and exits and simple layouts.Some programs are run by memory care providers and tend to have more dementia-friendly design features and staff with extensive training in caring for people with dementia.Advantages of an adult day care programAdvantages of adult day care include: Reduced loneliness and isolation. Respite for family caregivers. Potentially lower costs than full-time residential care. Reduced number of paid in-home care hours. Disadvantages of an adult day care programThe daytime nature of this care limits its usefulness for some families, and transportation to and from the program can be stressful if the program does not provide it. The program may also be unsuitable for people in the later stages of dementia or those with significant behavioral challenges.Memory care wing in a senior communityNursing homes and assisted living facilities often have wings dedicated to memory care. This wing has many of the features of the broader community but has also been carefully designed for residents with dementia.Care offeredSenior care communities provide 24/7 staffing and support. Their care includes assistance with activities of daily living, including walking, eating, and toileting. If the memory care wing is part of a nursing home, skilled nursing care is also available.Memory care wings in these communities provide this care in a dementia-friendly way. For example, staff know how to redirect and de-escalate behavioral symptoms when necessary. Typical safety features and amenitiesMemory care wings typically include safety features that keep people with dementia safe, such as: Secured entrances. Enclosed courtyards. Simplified layouts. Clear signage to support navigation. Staff trained to ensure resident safety and reduce distress. Advantages of a memory care wingFor an older adult who already lives in a senior care community, a memory care wing allows them to transition to memory care when necessary without having to find an entirely new community. This environment is best for people with moderate to late dementia, especially when they need 24-hour supervision. Memory care wings can typically support more cognitive and behavioral challenges than home care or day programs.Disadvantages of a memory care wingSome memory care wings can feel institutional. They may also be less specialized than a dedicated memory care community, especially if they follow the broader facilitys general structure and approach.Theres also variation to consider. While memory care tends to have more highly trained staff and a higher staff-to-resident ratio than other community types, the exact requirements vary considerably. As such, its crucial to research carefully and see what the place youre considering has to offer. Dedicated memory care communityDedicated memory care communities focus specifically on memory care. The dementia focus allows for more intentional and tailored design choices that address the symptoms of the disease.  Care offeredCare in a dedicated memory care community is similar to that in a memory care wing, with 24/7 supervision and assistance with daily tasks. There is also considerable support for difficult dementia behaviors and differences in symptoms. Some communities are classified as nursing homes and can therefore provide nursing care, while others focus on support with daily living.Some communities have different levels of care and even different environments to account for dementia progression. This helps create a more comfortable environment throughout the dementia journey.Typical safety features and amenitiesCommon features of dedicated memory care communities often include: Specialized design features. Clear lines of sight for staff. High-contrast colors to help with visual confusion. Circular hallways to reduce confusion. Reduced noise. Some communities also use memory boxes, which are small displays of personal photos or familiar objects placed outside a residents room to support orientation and spark recognition.Staff tend to be well-trained in dementia care and able to respond to any challenges that arise. Programs are designed for dementia needs, often with variations for different levels of cognitive ability.Advantages of a memory care communityThese communities have the highest level of specialization, which can lead to a highly tailored dementia environment. There is often a high staff-to-resident ratio, plus considerable staff training. The environment is best for people with moderate to advanced dementia, particularly when the senior cant be safely cared for at home. Disadvantages of a memory care communityMoving to this type of community can be a major transition for seniors, especially if their dementia symptoms are significant. The communities can be expensive, too, which can make them an unrealistic choice for some people.