How the pandemic is changing the way we grieve
Encompass Health
Oct 07, 2021
Florida - Sarasota, Bradenton & Charlotte Counties
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For decades, the conventional wisdom surrounding grief has centered on Elisabeth Kbler-Rosss theory that mourners typically navigate through five distinct stages of grief following a significant loss:
Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance.
Now amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, we are finding that these stages don't do enough to capture the experiences felt by millions as they contend with illness and loss in a global crisis. Gone are the days when grief could be packaged into five straightforward stages. Death is now a much greater part of our national conversation and an experience we are all sharing.
As a result, a number of scholars in clinical psychology are working on new, modern trajectories for grief that can help us understand how to comfort those in mourning and how to accept cultural grief that may stay with us for years to come.
The new grief trajectories
As I write this article, over 259,000 people in America have passed away from COVID-19. The circumstances surrounding the diseases spread, and the isolation it demands, mean that some mourners are experiencing multiple grief trajectories at the same time.
Some hospice patients and their families must navigate terminal illness alone, as the risk of the diseases spread forces us to socially distance. Our grief as mourners is compounded as we face our cultures economic loss, the loss of routine and our loss of community. The rituals we once used to cope and give us closure, such as funerals or memorials, have unfortunately become opportunities to spread the virus. Every path once foretold is now unwritten.
Scholar George Bonanno is leading the way in clinical research regarding new grief trajectories and has coined four separate trajectories to map the post-COVID-19 landscape for mourners over time, rather than adhering to the idea of a single linear progression of grief for everyone. A significant finding from his recent studies is that some mourners will experience chronic grief and chronic depression.
What is chronic grief and depression?
According to Bonanno, a key factor of someone who experiences chronic grief or depression is that they see no purpose in life now or in the loss of the person they loved. However, some individuals may experience severe depression but then see improvement after many months. Bonanno describes this group as function improved. He attributes their long-term improvement to their outlook on life and their ability to see their greater purpose.
Bonanno characterizes those who are able to overcome their chronic grief or depression as resilient. He describes them as independent, purposeful and caring individuals who may have lost the love of their lives, but whose independence carries them. As hospice professionals, we can see these trajectories in the mourners we care for every day, and the studies surrounding each trajectory can help us improve our grief support to be more personalized.
Unchartered territory
Grief can feel magnified when familiar routines are gone and options to cope are scarce. The practices we used to use to comfort mourners are no longer considered safe, like going over to someone's house or taking them out to dinner. As a result, our own emotional bandwidth to offer support to mourners is greatly reduced. Grief is one of the select experiences in life that connects our humanity, but the COVID-19 pandemic has challenged our ability to connect and mourn together.
One of the greatest lessons we've learned from the pandemic and Bonannos research is that the way we view the world matters when we lose someone. It may sound simple the notion that our perspectives on life will dictate our path forward in grief but it is a concept that few psychologists have ever emphasized in grief support. Instead, theories like Rosss five stages of grief have viewed people as two dimensional actors, with grief happening to them instead of alongside them.
The pandemic has taught us that those who are underserved and dependent are at greater risk for chronic depression and chronic grief since the ability to be resilient is tied to ones independence and stability following loss. The pandemic has also highlighted how the circumstances surrounding a loved ones death can add to our own suffering. If we were unable to be with the person who passed away, our imagination is often worse than the reality. If we never got the chance to tell them goodbye or how we felt, those feelings of loss are compounded by the tragedy of their sudden passing.
New ways to honor loved ones
While the pandemic has impacted the ways we grieve, we have also seen a lot of new creative ways to memorialize and honor our loved ones and grieve their passing. Although we don't currently have the opportunity to physically gather together in memory of those we've lost, technology has offered thoughtful alternatives that allow us to still support those who are grieving.
Webinar memorials allow families, friends and caregivers to connect, grieve and share memories of loved ones while adhering to social distancing guidelines. Webinar platforms have also been successfully used to host virtual support groups for people to navigate their grief together.
Online card writing services are a great way for people to send a sincere, custom message without ever having to leave home. Meal train websites also allow friends and family to send meals from local restaurants or coordinate a meal train among one another. Each of these are safe, efficient and contactless gestures that show support to those who are grieving.
While the pandemic is still relatively new, many of us have become more aware of the fragility of life and how the loss of connection impacts our ability to mourn. Although the pandemic has significantly impacted our lives, it has also allowed us to discover new perspectives on the way we grieve that will continue to evolve for many years to come.
Nichol Westendorf is Encompass Health director of hospice support services.
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Practical Steps to Minimize Bathroom Hazards for Seniors
As we age, the bathroom can become one of the most hazardous rooms in the house. Wet floors, slippery surfaces, and limited space can lead to falls, which are a significant concern for seniors. According to the CDC, one in four adults over 65 falls each year, and many of these accidents occur in the bathroom. Fortunately, with a few simple modifications and some proactive planning, fall-proofing a bathroom can greatly reduce the risk of injury and promote independence.Whether youre a senior wanting more peace of mind or a caregiver looking out for a loved one, ComForCare is here to help every step of the way. Our team understands that bathroom safety is about more than just preventing falls; its about preserving independence, dignity, and the freedom to feel comfortable in your own space. With our in-home care services, were committed to making homes safer and supporting families in creating spaces that are both practical and inviting. From assessing fall risks to providing friendly, reliable assistance, ComForCare is dedicated to helping seniors feel confident in every room, every day.The Importance of Bathroom Safety For SeniorsAs we age, our bodies become more vulnerablebones lose density, making fractures more likely, and the healing process slows significantly. According to the National Council on Aging, falls are the leading cause of both fatal and non-fatal injuries in older adults, with one in five falls resulting in serious injury, such as a broken hip or head trauma. A broken hip, for example, can take months to heal and often requires surgery, significantly impacting mobility and quality of life.Beyond physical injury, a fall can lead to prolonged hospital stays, decreased independence, and a fear of falling again. This can quickly lead to further isolation and inactivity, compounding the health challenges seniors already face. Getting older shouldnt result in fears and over-cautious movements. It should be a time of enjoyment. By creating safer bathroom environments, we can reduce risks, protect health, and allow seniors to continue living independently.Transform Your Bathroom into a Senior-Friendly SpaceMake Room for Easy MobilityKeeping the bathroom floor free of obstacles is a must. Even small things like bath mats, towels, and stray clothes can quickly turn into tripping hazards. The key is to make sure everything has its place and to store essentialslike soap, shampoo, and towelswithin easy reach. Think waist to shoulder height; this minimizes the need for bending or stretching, which can throw off balance.Additionally, make sure theres plenty of space to move around freely. This might involve rearranging some items, opting for wall-mounted storage solutions, or even widening the doorway to make maneuvering easier.Slip-Proof the BathroomLets face itslippery surfaces are one of the biggest threats in any bathroom. Whether its stepping out of the shower or reaching for a towel, the risk of slipping is real, especially for seniors. But dont worry; there are a few easy adjustments you can make to keep those floors safe and dry.Non-slip mats are essential: Place these inside and outside the shower or tub to give your feet extra grip. Opt for mats with rubber backing to keep them securely in place. Dry floors quickly: To eliminate potential hazards, like pools of water, encourage your loved one to dry the floor immediately after bathing or showering.Wear non-slip footwear: Theres no shame in the water shoe game. Rubber-soled slippers or water shoes can provide extra grip and help seniors feel more secure moving about in the shower or bathroom.Brighten Up the Bathroom LightingA well-lit bathroom can make all the difference, not just for morning routines but also for safety. Dim or shadowy areas make it hard to spot potential tripping hazards, especially on those half-awake nighttime trips. Its such an easy fix, and it can bring a huge sense of comfort knowing everything is clearly visible.To get started, aim for bright, even lighting throughout the bathroom. Overhead lights are a must, but adding some around the mirror or vanity can help reduce shadows. And if you want to make it even simpler, motion-sensor lights are a fantastic additiontheyll turn on as soon as someone enters the room, taking away the guesswork, especially late at night. Dont forget about the hallway! A few nightlights along the path to the bathroom can light the way without having to fumble in the dark.Install Support Systems for Steady BalanceNavigating the bathroom means lots of different movementssitting, standing, reaching, and sometimes a bit of balancing on slippery surfaces. A few thoughtful adjustments can turn the bathroom into a safe haven, reducing any worries about slipping or tripping.Install grab bars around key areas to offer extra support.Switch to lever handles on faucets; theyre much friendlier for arthritis.Consider a raised toilet seat or frame to make sitting and standing easier.Add a shower chair or transfer bench for stable support during showers.Additionally, if youre interested in converting your current bathroom into a senior-friendly area, walk-in showers or low-threshold tubs make it easier to get in and out. While this would require an extensive budget to renovate, you or a loved one will no longer have to stress about stepping over high ledges to bathe, making this an investment that eases peace of mind.Keep Water Temperatures ComfortableFalls may be the biggest concern, but water temperatures can be a sneaky safety risk in the bathroom, too. If youve ever accidentally entered a shower thats too cold or too hot, you know how quickly you pull backoften with a sudden jerk that could easily lead to a slip. For seniors, slower reaction times or reduced sensitivity to heat can make it even trickier, increasing the risk of burns.Installing anti-scald devices on faucets and showers keeps water temperatures safely below 120, so theres no risk of scalding. Lowering the water heater setting is also an easy fix that guarantees comfort across the board. And for simplicity, single-handle faucets let seniors adjust the water to a comfortable temperature without juggling separate hot and cold handles.Always Plan AheadEven with every precaution, accidents can still happen, so having a few emergency measures in place is always a good idea.Emergency Call Systems: Install an emergency pull cord or wall-mounted call button for quick assistance in case of a fall. Wearable alert devices, like a pendant or bracelet, are also reliable forms of backup.Smart Technology: Voice-activated assistants, such as Amazon Alexa or Google Home, enable seniors to adjust lights, make calls, or play musicall without needing to move. This can be particularly useful if a fall occurs and they have no way of getting up to call for help.Accessible First-Aid Kit: Keep a first-aid kit in an easy-to-reach spot for fast access to basic medical supplies.ComForCare: Your Fall Risk Management ExpertsTaking steps to prevent falls at home can be a big relief for everyone involved. ComForCare is here to help with a free guide on reducing fall risks, packed with practical tips and advice you can start using today! If that werent enough, our in-home caregivers bring comfort and confidence to families, helping seniors bathe and move safely while keeping their independence intactall from the comfort of home. With ComForCare, your loved one can enjoy the security of a familiar space and the peace of mind that comes from having an extra, caring hand nearby.Fall-Risk AssessmentAt ComForCare, we make fall prevention simple and thorough. Our Fall Risk Screening takes a closer look at everything that could impact your loved ones safety, whether youre planning ahead or responding to a recent fall. This personalized assessment means no guessworkjust peace of mind knowing every factor is covered. Let us handle the details so you can focus on what matters most: quality time with your loved one in a safer home environment. Call us at (800) 886-4044 today to get started.Find an In-Home Caregiver Near You to Prevent Falls & More!We believe safety in the bathroom is just as important as comfort. Our caregivers go beyond basic assistance, offering compassionate, personalized care that helps seniors stay safe and confident in every part of their home. From preventing slippery situations to offering a steady hand, our caregivers are here to make a difference. Find your nearest ComForCare location online or call us anytime to learn how we can support your loved ones independence right where it matters most.
The Basics of Long-Term Care Insurance
Planning for the future involves more than just saving some cash here and there for a rainy day. Life is unpredictable, and if we want to help our loved ones face their golden years with peace of mind, its important to be aware of how specific costs will affect our budgets. One important cost is long-term carethe support that will enable you or your loved one to meet daily needs and perform regular activities. But long-term care services can cost anywhere between $2,000 to $10,000 per month, and often, health insurance, Medicare, or Medicaid do not cover these expenses. Thats where long-term care insurance comes in. ComForCare is here to help you learn more about long-term care insurance and how it can benefit you and your family. We can help you better understand your policy and file claims, alleviating your anxiety as you plan for the future. What is Long-Term Care Insurance?Despite what wed all like to hope for, long-term care needs generally cant be avoided, and well all need assistance in one way or another as we age. Thankfully, long-term care insurance offers an option to help cover the costs that will support you or your loved ones ability to live life to the fullest. This type of insurance policy reimburses policyholders for services that assist with daily living activities, like: BathingDressingMeal preparation HousekeepingOther Non-Medical ServicesWhile your care and coverage needs may vary, for the most part, these benefits can relieve the financial burden that comes with chronic illness or simply needing extra help as you age, even if you are in good health. Many major insurance companies and employers offer long-term care coverage as a benefit. ComForCare can help you work with these companies to find the right coverage to meet your current and future care needs. What Does Long-Term Insurance Pay For?Many middle-class families find themselves in a tough spot when considering options for meeting long-term care needs. They earn too much to qualify for Medicaid but not enough to comfortably afford to pay for care out of pocket. Long-term care insurance exists to fill that gap and cover non-medical care-related costs. It can be used to pay for:In-Home CareAssisted Living FacilitiesNursing HomesMemory Care Regardless of the type of care you or your loved one may require, long-term care insurance is a great tool to help fund care and protect your savings. Without this type of coverage, your care expenses must be paid out of pocket or through Medicaid if you qualify.What to Consider When Shopping for Long-Term Care Insurance If you dont already have a policy, now is a good time to ask yourself how you plan to cover future long-term care costs and begin exploring your options. 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Why Aging in Place is So Important for Seniors
Over the past two decades, interest in the concept of aging in place has steadily increased. More people searched for age-in-place home care in 2024 than any year previously by almost double. This is because more Baby Boomers are beginning to require help to stay safe, healthy, and connected as they agebut they dont want to move into senior living communities.We know that a strong majority of older adults would prefer to continue living in their own homes for as long as possible. But theres more to aging in place than preference alonescience tells us that its better for overall quality of life, too. Lets take a deep dive into the reasons why aging in place is so important for older adults.Everything You Need to Know About Aging in PlaceWhat is Aging in Place?Aging in place means continuing to live in your established home and community as you grow older. 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Falls are a major health concern for older adults, causing up to 1 million hospitalizations annually. Serious injuries that result from falls are also associated with further decreased mobilitymaking it harder for adults to stay physically active.In addition, staying at home can keep stress and anxiety levels lower than going through the major transition of moving into a senior community. Lower stress can reduce the risk of conditions such as heart disease, high blood pressure, and more!Emotional & Mental Health BenefitsSpeaking of stressaging in place has a multitude of mental health benefits as well. Perhaps chief among them is a preserved sense of independence, control, and dignity. When people feel empowered to maintain control over their lives and make their own decisions, they have a stronger sense of identity and purpose. These things are crucial for maintaining a positive outlook and engagement in life.While plenty of people do choose retirement communities for the social benefits, its also important to consider the community connections people already have where they currently live. Removing someone from an established neighborhood can have detrimental effects. By making home a safe place to live, older people can stay woven into the fabric of the communities they know and love.Challenges & The Role of In-Home CareOftentimes, family members of aging adults think that moving their loved ones into a senior living community is the only option available for a comprehensive care plan. After all, their loved one may live alone, have health or mobility challenges, or face other barriers. However, with the help of in-home care, senior citizens dont have to choose between safety and comfort.Creating & Maintaining a Safe Home EnvironmentOne of the first signs that your loved one may need help around the home is reduced mobility or a recent fall. Loose rugs, steep stairs, poorly lit kitchen counters, and slippery bathroom tiles are all features of homes we tend not to think about until they become hazardous.Many homes lack items like grab bars, entryway enhancements, and kitchen upgrades. Older adults and their family members may not know which home modifications are necessary for their safety. Thankfully, the caregivers at ComForCare can provide an in-home safety assessment that highlights all areas of concern. Were happy to help you discover the best way to make your loved ones home environment a place they can thrive.Ready to get started on your own? Download our FREE guide on how to reduce fall risks at home!Managing Chronic Health ConditionsChronic conditions and age-related illnesses can limit independence and a persons ability to perform daily activities. These may include age-related mobility challenges that make it difficult to perform daily tasks like climbing stairs, bathing, or cooking. Loved ones with dementia may have cognitive challenges that can make it difficult to manage medications, keep up with finances, or remember important appointments.Can a dementia patient be cared for at home?What many families dont know is that in-home dementia care is associated with improved outcomes. Familiar environments have a positive impact on cognitive function, including memory and problem-solving skills. And because they reduce anxiety, they can also reduce agitation and challenging behaviors associated with Alzheimers disease and dementia.People with dementia thrive most with regular daily routines and familiar surroundings. 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Local Services By This Author
Encompass Health
Rehabilitation Services 6400 Edgelake Dr., Sarasota, Florida, 34240At Encompass Health Rehabilitation Hospital of Sarasota, we are dedicated to two fundamental principles: the progress our patients make and the outcomes they achieve. Our commitment to excellence is reflected in our industry-leading performance scores, which demonstrate our unwavering focus on your recovery and well-being.When you arrive at our hospital, we will conduct a comprehensive assessment known as Functional Outcome Measures to determine the level of assistance you require for basic tasks. This assessment serves as a baseline to measure your progress throughout your rehabilitation journey. Based on this evaluation, your rehabilitation team will collaborate with you to establish challenging yet achievable goals and develop a customized treatment plan tailored to your individual needs.Throughout your stay, we will closely monitor your progress, adjusting your treatment plan as needed to optimize your outcomes. Before you discharge from our hospital, we will conduct a follow-up assessment to evaluate the extent of your improvement and ensure that you have the knowledge and resources necessary to continue your recovery journey beyond our walls.Our commitment to quality care is further underscored by our accreditation from the Joint Commission, symbolized by our prestigious Gold Seal of Approval. This accreditation serves as a testament to our adherence to rigorous standards of safety, effectiveness, and patient-centered care.At Encompass Health Rehabilitation Hospital of Sarasota, your well-being is our top priority, and we are honored to be your partner in achieving your rehabilitation goals.
Encompass Health
Rehabilitation Facilities 6400 Edgelake Dr., Sarasota, Florida, 34240At Encompass Health Rehabilitation Hospital of Sarasota, we are dedicated to two fundamental principles: the progress our patients make and the outcomes they achieve. Our commitment to excellence is reflected in our industry-leading performance scores, which demonstrate our unwavering focus on your recovery and well-being.When you arrive at our hospital, we will conduct a comprehensive assessment known as Functional Outcome Measures to determine the level of assistance you require for basic tasks. This assessment serves as a baseline to measure your progress throughout your rehabilitation journey. Based on this evaluation, your rehabilitation team will collaborate with you to establish challenging yet achievable goals and develop a customized treatment plan tailored to your individual needs.Throughout your stay, we will closely monitor your progress, adjusting your treatment plan as needed to optimize your outcomes. Before you discharge from our hospital, we will conduct a follow-up assessment to evaluate the extent of your improvement and ensure that you have the knowledge and resources necessary to continue your recovery journey beyond our walls.Our commitment to quality care is further underscored by our accreditation from the Joint Commission, symbolized by our prestigious Gold Seal of Approval. This accreditation serves as a testament to our adherence to rigorous standards of safety, effectiveness, and patient-centered care.At Encompass Health Rehabilitation Hospital of Sarasota, your well-being is our top priority, and we are honored to be your partner in achieving your rehabilitation goals.
Encompass Health
Stroke Rehabilitation 6400 Edgelake Dr., Sarasota, Florida, 34240At Encompass Health Rehabilitation Hospital of Sarasota, we are dedicated to two fundamental principles: the progress our patients make and the outcomes they achieve. Our commitment to excellence is reflected in our industry-leading performance scores, which demonstrate our unwavering focus on your recovery and well-being.When you arrive at our hospital, we will conduct a comprehensive assessment known as Functional Outcome Measures to determine the level of assistance you require for basic tasks. This assessment serves as a baseline to measure your progress throughout your rehabilitation journey. Based on this evaluation, your rehabilitation team will collaborate with you to establish challenging yet achievable goals and develop a customized treatment plan tailored to your individual needs.Throughout your stay, we will closely monitor your progress, adjusting your treatment plan as needed to optimize your outcomes. Before you discharge from our hospital, we will conduct a follow-up assessment to evaluate the extent of your improvement and ensure that you have the knowledge and resources necessary to continue your recovery journey beyond our walls.Our commitment to quality care is further underscored by our accreditation from the Joint Commission, symbolized by our prestigious Gold Seal of Approval. This accreditation serves as a testament to our adherence to rigorous standards of safety, effectiveness, and patient-centered care.At Encompass Health Rehabilitation Hospital of Sarasota, your well-being is our top priority, and we are honored to be your partner in achieving your rehabilitation goals.