PD Associated Risk Factors in Western PA

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May 14, 2018

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Western Pennsylvania is like the perfect storm in terms of risk factors for developing Parkinsons disease. There are three primary risk factors that have been associated with PD:
1.
Age (older persons at a higher risk)
2.
Genetic Factors (mutations on certain genes which are common in two particular ethnic backgrounds may account for as many as 15%-20% of the cases of Parkinsons disease, 1.5 2 times greater than in other populations)
3.
Environmental factors that are associated with agriculture and industry (particularly in the midwest northeast regions) have been associated with a higher risk.

Age is considered the primary risk factor in idiopathic PD. The prevalence rate in US residents over the age of 65 approximately 1.6%. This rate goes up to about 3% for people over the age of 80 and continues to increase with age without signs of plateau. Allegheny County has one of the oldest populations per capita in the US. As the demographics continue to shift to a more senior population, the number of people diagnosed with PD will grow accordingly.

The genetic indicator most commonly associated with PD is LRRK2. It is thought to be the cause in about 2% of the total cases of PD. However, this mutation is 10 time more prevalent in Ashkenazi Jews than in the general population and it is believed to increase their risk factor accordingly. Ashkenazi Jews are at a 6 10 times higher risk of developing PD as a result. Allegheny County (Pittsburgh) has a significant Jewish community.
There are an increasing number of environmental toxins which contribute to developing the disease such as chemicals used as herbicides and pesticides in agriculture and certain heavy metals (pollutants) that are associated with industrial manufacturing. Although our region is less dependent on agriculture and industry now, steel and farming were a big force in the regions economy as recently as 40 50 years ago.
Luckily, the region has the Parkinson Foundation Western Pennsylvania as a resource. The Foundation serves primarily people living in Pittsburgh and many surrounding communities. The Parkinson Foundation Western Pennsylvania was formed by volunteers in 1995 with the purpose of supporting research efforts to find a cure and provide support for those with PD and their families

Editors Note: This article was submitted by David Von Hofen, Director of Programs and Outreach, Parkinson Foundation Western Pennsylvania. If you would like more information about PD and the Foundation, please call 412.837.2542 or visit pfwpa.org.

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Parkinsons & MS Therapy in Sarasota, FL

When a Diagnosis Changes What "Independence" Looks LikeA Parkinson's disease or multiple sclerosis diagnosis doesn't just bring new medical appointments it brings a quiet, creeping worry about the things that used to be automatic. Will Dad still be able to button his own shirt? Will Mom's handwriting get so small no one can read it? Will a tremor or a balance problem turn a simple walk to the mailbox into a fall risk?The good news is that therapy real, targeted, evidence-based therapy can make a measurable difference in how someone with Parkinson's or MS moves, functions, and feels, often for years. And increasingly, that therapy doesn't require a drive to a clinic. Sarasota families have access to specialized providers who bring this care directly into the home, meeting people exactly where they are, both literally and in terms of their disease progression. Below, we look closely at two providers offering this kind of specialized therapy in the Sarasota area.What Is Parkinson's & MS Therapy, and Who Is It For?Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis are both progressive neurological conditions, but they affect the body differently, and therapy for each is tailored accordingly. What they share is this: both conditions can gradually erode mobility, balance, strength, and the ability to complete everyday tasks and both respond well to consistent, condition-specific rehabilitation.This category typically includes: Physical therapy (PT) focused on mobility, balance, gait, strength, and fall prevention Occupational therapy (OT) focused on the skills needed for daily living, such as dressing, bathing, cooking, and fine motor tasks Speech therapy (SLP) addressing changes in voice volume, clarity, and swallowing that are common in Parkinson's disease Specialized Parkinson's protocols such as LSVT BIG (for movement) and LSVT LOUD (for voice), and the PWR!Moves exercise program, all designed specifically around the unique symptom patterns of Parkinson's disease In-home and mobile therapy models bringing licensed therapists directly to a patient's home, which is especially valuable for people whose mobility challenges make traveling to a clinic difficult or exhausting This kind of therapy is a fit for anyone newly diagnosed with Parkinson's or MS who wants to stay ahead of symptom progression, individuals already experiencing mobility loss, tremor, rigidity, or balance issues, people managing swallowing or speech changes related to Parkinson's, and caregivers looking for professional support that reduces the physical and logistical burden of getting a loved one to outside appointments.Parkinson's & MS Therapy Providers in Sarasota, FLFOX RehabilitationPhone: (877) 222-4766FOX Rehabilitation is a clinician-owned, mission-driven healthcare organization built specifically around rehabilitating older adults, with a presence in 38 states and Washington, D.C. FOX was founded on the concept of Geriatric House Calls, delivering physical, occupational, and speech therapy directly in a patient's home or senior living community rather than requiring travel to an outpatient clinic.Services offered: FOX provides a full continuum of therapy, including physical therapy for mobility, balance, strength, and pain management; occupational therapy focused on daily function and home safety; and speech therapy. Within this, FOX offers dedicated Specialty Programs for conditions such as Parkinson's disease, delivering evidence-based, condition-specific care rather than a generic therapy approach. Therapists also conduct falls-risk assessments and can recommend home modifications and adaptive equipment to help reduce fall risk and support long-term independence. FOX Wellness programs extend beyond skilled therapy for people who want to maintain progress or build healthy habits over the longer term.What families should know: FOX is a Medicare Part B provider, and most services are covered for eligible patients without requiring the patient to be homebound or hospitalized first a meaningful distinction from home health models that carry stricter eligibility requirements. The organization accepts most major insurance plans, including Medicare Advantage, and its team can assist with benefit verification and care coordination, which can take some of the administrative burden off families. FOX also partners with senior living communities throughout the Sarasota area, so residents in independent or assisted living settings can access the same in-home model of care.Best for: Families who want the backing of a large, established national organization with a full range of therapy disciplines under one roof, and who value the flexibility of Medicare Part B coverage without a homebound requirement. Functional Transformation Mobile RehabPhone: (941) 830-3749Functional Transformation Mobile Rehab is a locally owned mobile therapy practice serving Sarasota and Charlotte counties, as well as Manatee and Hillsborough counties, led by Occupational Therapist and Certified Lymphedema Therapist James Ferrara. The practice operates on a "we come to you" model, bringing therapy directly into patients' homes throughout the region.Services offered: Functional Transformation Mobile Rehab specializes in occupational therapy, lymphedema therapy, and Parkinson's-specific treatment through LSVT BIG and PWR!Moves. LSVT BIG is a specialized therapy protocol that trains people with Parkinson's to make bigger, more purposeful movements to counteract the small, shuffling movements the disease often causes over time the practice's therapists are trained and certified specifically to administer this treatment. The team also works on restoring fine motor skills for everyday tasks like buttoning a shirt, tying shoes, or safely getting in and out of the shower, along with mobility, range of motion, and driving-related skills.What families should know: As a smaller, locally run practice, Functional Transformation Mobile Rehab emphasizes that its therapists never over-schedule, allowing for genuinely personalized, unhurried care built around each patient's pace. The practice is also a Medicare Part B-approved provider and does not require patients to be homebound to receive services. For families managing Parkinson's alongside another condition like lymphedema which can be a complicating factor after cancer treatment this practice's dual specialization may be a particularly good fit.Best for: Families who want a smaller, locally owned practice with deep specialization in Parkinson's-specific protocols like LSVT BIG, along with the flexibility to also address related conditions like lymphedema under one provider. Why This Matters Locally in SarasotaSarasota's status as one of Florida's most senior-dense communities means the local population living with Parkinson's disease and MS is significant and growing as the broader community ages. A few things make access to this kind of specialized, in-home therapy especially valuable here: Mobility challenges and Florida distances don't mix well. For someone managing balance issues or fatigue from Parkinson's or MS, even a short drive to an outpatient clinic can be exhausting or unsafe. In-home therapy removes that barrier entirely. Sarasota's active retirement culture raises the stakes for staying mobile. With so much of daily life here built around walking, boating, golfing, and community activities, maintaining functional independence isn't just a medical goal it's central to quality of life for many local seniors. Local access to condition-specific protocols matters. Not every therapy practice is trained in specialized programs like LSVT BIG or LSVT LOUD. Having providers in the Sarasota area who are specifically certified in these evidence-based Parkinson's protocols means families don't have to travel out of the region to access this level of specialized care. Coordination with senior living communities is common here. With many Sarasota seniors living in independent or assisted living communities, having therapy providers who already work within these settings as FOX Rehabilitation does can simplify care coordination significantly. How to Get StartedGetting started with Parkinson's or MS therapy doesn't require a complicated process. Here's how to begin: Talk to the treating physician first. While some Medicare Part B therapy services don't require a formal referral, many patients begin the process through their neurologist or primary care doctor, who can help identify the specific therapy disciplines that would help most. Ask about specialized protocols. If Parkinson's is the primary concern, ask directly whether the practice offers LSVT BIG or LSVT LOUD, and whether the treating therapist is certified in that specific protocol. Confirm insurance and coverage details. Both providers listed above are Medicare Part B providers, but it's worth confirming your specific plan's coverage, especially if you have a Medicare Advantage plan, before your first visit. Ask about the homebound requirement. Unlike traditional home health agencies, both providers above do not require patients to be homebound to receive in-home therapy an important distinction if your loved one is still getting out and about but needs targeted support. Discuss scheduling flexibility. If pacing and avoiding fatigue is a concern, ask how the practice structures appointments and whether they can accommodate a patient's energy levels and daily rhythms. Reassess goals regularly. Both Parkinson's and MS can change over time, so it's worth checking in with your therapy team periodically to make sure the current plan still matches your loved one's needs and goals.

Parkinsons Support & Research in Sarasota, FL

A Parkinson's diagnosis affects much more than movement. Over time, individuals and families may face changes involving balance, speech, cognition, confidence, social engagement, everyday routines, and caregiver responsibilities.Medical treatment is important, but living well with Parkinson's often requires another layer of supporteducation, movement programs, peer connection, caregiver resources, and access to current information about research and treatment.What Are Parkinson's Support & Research Resources?Parkinson's support resources can include: Support groups Exercise programs Caregiver education Voice and speech activities Balance and movement programs Educational seminars Research updates Community referrals Social activities Online programming These services do not replace a neurologist or movement-disorder specialist.Instead, they can complement medical treatment by helping people stay informed, connected, active, and supported between healthcare appointments.Parkinson Place5969 Cattleridge Boulevard, Suite 100, Sarasota, FL 34232 Phone: 941-893-4188Seniors Blue Book describes Parkinson Place as a 9,000-square-foot Sarasota center dedicated to meeting the physical, mental, emotional, and social needs of people living with Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders. The organization also provides online classes and support groups.Free Membership and ProgramsParkinson Place offers free membership and a large number of free in-person and online programs.Current community information lists activities including: Rock Steady Boxing Pedaling Fitness Voice therapy Dance Tai chi Yoga Cognitive activities Educational programming Visit Sarasota County currently describes Parkinson Place membership and classes as free.Recent August 2026 program activity also confirms that the center remains active with movement classes, fine-motor activities, education, and community events.Rock Steady BoxingRock Steady Boxing is an exercise program specifically associated with people living with Parkinson's disease.Parkinson Place currently offers Rock Steady Boxing as one of its free Sarasota programs, including in-person and virtual options.Exercise should be adapted to the individual's health and abilities, and some programs may require medical clearance.Parkinson Research Foundation ConnectionParkinson Place has an important relationship with the Parkinson Research Foundation, which supports Parkinson's research, education, advocacy, and community programming.Public nonprofit information identifies Parkinson Place as an affiliated/subordinate organization connected with Parkinson Research Foundation, and the Foundation helps fund Parkinson Place programs.The Parkinson Research Foundation describes its mission as funding research while also providing education and services for people affected by Parkinson's disease.Research Information Versus Clinical TrialsFamilies should understand the difference between research education and actually enrolling in a clinical trial.Parkinson Place can connect members with research information and educational resources, but someone specifically searching for an experimental drug or intervention should ask: Is there an active clinical trial? 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Tuttle Avenue in Sarasota intended to become the future permanent home of both Parkinson Research Foundation and Parkinson Place.However, Parkinson Place's current Seniors Blue Book listing and August 2026 program activity still identify 5969 Cattleridge Boulevard as the active location.Families should therefore confirm the current address before visiting as relocation plans progress.Why Parkinson's Support Matters Locally in SarasotaSarasota County has one of Florida's largest concentrations of older adults.Current Census QuickFacts show that 38.8% of Sarasota County residents are age 65 or older.That makes access to neurological, rehabilitation, caregiver, and movement-disorder resources especially relevant locally.Parkinson's support can help Sarasota residents remain connected to: Exercise Education Friendship Caregiver support Community resources instead of managing the disease in isolation.How to Get Started1. Maintain Medical CareContinue regular appointments with the physician or movement-disorder specialist managing Parkinson's disease.2. Contact Parkinson PlaceCall 941-893-4188 to ask about membership, current classes, support groups, and the active location.3. Review the Class ScheduleChoose programs that match current abilities and interests.4. Ask Whether Medical Clearance Is NeededSome exercise programs may have participation requirements.5. Include the CaregiverCare partners can benefit from education and support even when the person with Parkinson's is managing symptoms relatively independently.6. Ask About Research ResourcesIf research participation is a priority, ask what current studies or referral resources are available.7. Reevaluate Needs Over TimeParkinson's symptoms change. Programs that are appropriate now may need to evolve later.Related Categories Neurology Physical Therapy Speech Therapy

Parkinsons Care At Home:Preventing Setbacks & Avoidable Readmission

Preventing Setbacks, Falls & Avoidable Hospital Readmissions: Helping Someone With Parkinsons Stay Safely at Home Part 4 of the PennDYNAMIC Care at Home Parkinsons Recovery & Wellness Series For a person living with Parkinsons disease, returning home after a hospital or rehabilitation stay can feel like a major victory. But families often have another concern: How do we keep Mom or Dad from going back to the hospital? This is an especially important question for someone with Parkinsons. Changes in mobility, balance, medications, nutrition, hydration, cognition and the ability to manage everyday activities can make an already complex condition even more challenging after a health setback. A fall, missed medication, poor nutrition, increasing weakness or an unnoticed change in condition can disrupt recovery and potentially lead to another emergency room visit or hospitalization. At PennDYNAMIC Care at Home, our post-hospital and post-rehabilitation approach is designed to help bridge the transition home, support continued recovery and help families recognize concerns before they become bigger problems. The goal is not simply to get someone home. The goal is to help them stay safely at home. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------The Revolving Door Families Want to Avoid Hospitalization can be particularly difficult for an older adult with Parkinsons. A person may return home weaker than before, less steady on their feet or with changes to their medications and daily routine. They may also be receiving instructions from several healthcare professionals. There may be follow-up appointments to schedule. Therapy recommendations to continue. New medications to understand. Dietary instructions to follow. Mobility equipment to use. Symptoms to monitor. Families are often expected to coordinate all of this while simultaneously helping their loved one adjust to being home. It can be overwhelming. This is where structured, coordinated support can make a meaningful difference. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PennDYNAMIC's LifeCARE Pathway is built around proactive, evolving care, while DYNAMIC NeuroWELL at Home provides specialty support for individuals with neurological conditions such as Parkinsons. Together, these approaches help families focus on an important objective: Protect the recovery and reduce preventable setbacks. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Make Fall Prevention a Daily Priority Falls can be a significant concern for people with Parkinsons because the disease can affect balance, walking and movement. After a hospitalization or rehabilitation stay, weakness and reduced confidence can add to the risk. Fall prevention begins with understanding how the person functions in the actual home environment. Are pathways clear? Is there adequate lighting? Are there loose rugs or clutter? Does the person have difficulty getting to the bathroom? Are recommended mobility devices within reach? Is the individual trying to move too quickly when getting up? Does the person require assistance with transfers or walking? A caregiver can help maintain a safer environment and provide the level of mobility assistance identified in the client's care plan. But fall prevention should not mean eliminating movement. As we discussed in Part 3, unnecessary inactivity can contribute to further loss of function. The goal is: Safe movementnot no movement. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2. Pay Attention to Changes in Function Families sometimes assume that every new difficulty is simply another symptom of Parkinsons. But a noticeable change from someone's usual level of function deserves attention. Perhaps Dad suddenly needs much more assistance getting out of his chair. Mom is walking differently than she did several days ago. A normally engaged client is suddenly sleeping most of the day. Someone who was eating independently is now struggling at meals. The caregiver does not diagnose the cause. Instead, the caregiver can play an important role by observing, documenting and communicating changes to the family and appropriate healthcare professionals. Knowing someone's normal routine makes it easier to recognize when something is different. That is one of the advantages of consistent care at home. 3. Support Medication Adherence Parkinsons medication routines can be important to a person's daily functioning. After a hospitalization, medications may have been added, discontinued or changed. Families should make sure they understand the discharge medication instructions and direct medication questions to the appropriate physician, pharmacist or other healthcare professional. PennDYNAMIC caregivers can provide medication reminders consistent with the client's care plan. They can also observe whether the person is having difficulty following established routines and communicate concerns appropriately. For complex clients, medication support is not about independently changing medications or making clinical decisions. It is about helping the established plan work in everyday life. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4. Don't Overlook Nutrition and Hydration Eating and drinking may seem unrelated to preventing hospitalization, but they are important components of overall health and recovery. Someone returning from a hospital or rehabilitation facility may have a reduced appetite, fatigue or difficulty managing meals independently. Parkinsons may create additional challenges around mealtimes. PennDYNAMIC caregivers can support meal preparation, hydration and established dietary recommendations. Just as importantly, caregivers can pay attention to changes. Is the person eating significantly less? Are meals being skipped? Is drinking becoming more difficult? Has something changed about the person's ability to manage meals? Concerns can then be communicated to the family and appropriate healthcare professional. 5. Keep the Person Moving Safely Following a hospitalization, it can be tempting to encourage someone to take it easy for an extended period. Rest may certainly be necessary. But when healthcare and rehabilitation professionals have recommended movement, exercises or daily activities, consistency matters. PennDYNAMIC caregivers can help clients follow established recommendations from physical therapists, occupational therapists and other members of the rehabilitation team. That might mean helping the person safely participate in everyday activities or supporting completion of exercises that have been prescribed or recommended by the appropriate professional. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- We do not replace rehabilitation. We help reinforce the recovery plan at home. The objective is to help protect the progress already made while supporting continued function. 6. Make Follow-Up Care Part of the Recovery Plan Discharge from the hospital does not mean medical care is finished. There may be follow-up appointments with a primary care physician, neurologist or other specialists. There may be therapy appointments. There may be changes in the care plan based on how the individual is progressing at home. For families already balancing careers, children and other responsibilities, coordinating all these moving pieces can become difficult. This is why care navigation and progress monitoring are important components of the PennDYNAMIC approach. The goal is greater continuity between what healthcare professionals recommend and what actually happens at home. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7. Watch the Caregiver Too There is another potential crisis families sometimes overlook: Caregiver exhaustion. A spouse may be trying to provide around-the-clock assistance. An adult daughter may be working all day and then spending evenings managing medications, meals and personal care. A son living out of town may be trying to coordinate everything by telephone. Families can continue like this until something happens. The spouse becomes exhausted. The adult child misses too much work. Someone gets injured trying to transfer the person. Or the family reaches a point where it simply cannot continue. Professional caregiving is not only about supporting the person with Parkinsons. It can also provide critical support to the family system. A family that has appropriate help may be better positioned to make thoughtful decisions instead of waiting until exhaustion creates the next crisis. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Create a Parkinsons Stay-at-Home Plan Families can make their care plan more proactive by asking several questions: What usually causes problems for our loved one? What changes should we watch for? Who should be contacted when we notice a change? Are medications and follow-up appointments organized? Is the home environment as safe as possible? Are rehabilitation recommendations being followed? Is our loved one eating and drinking adequately? Is the family caregiver becoming overwhelmed? Do we have enough help at home? These questions move the family from reacting to problems toward anticipating them. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Know What Is Normal for Your Loved One One of the most useful things families and caregivers can understand is the person's baseline. What does a normal day look like? How does Mom usually walk? How much assistance does Dad normally need getting dressed? How much does he typically eat? How alert and conversational is she? What activities can the person normally complete? Once you understand the person's usual pattern, changes can become easier to recognize. A good care plan should therefore be dynamic. As needs change, support may need to change too. That principle is central to PennDYNAMIC's LifeCARE Pathway. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- How DYNAMIC NeuroWELL at Home Supports Parkinsons Families PennDYNAMIC's DYNAMIC NeuroWELL at Home was created to provide coordinated, disease-informed support for people living with Parkinsons and other neurological conditions. Depending upon the individual's needs and established care plan, support may include: Personalized, disease-informed in-home caregivingFunctional fitness, movement and restorative supportMedication adherence and chronic symptom observationNutrition and mealtime supportNeurocognitive stimulation and memory supportEmotional well-being and family educationCare navigation and progress monitoringCommunication and collaboration with the healthcare team For families, this means having support that looks beyond individual caregiving tasks. The focus is on the whole person and the many factors that can influence the ability to remain safely at home. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Best Hospital Readmission Is the One That May Be Prevented Not every hospitalization canor shouldbe prevented. Parkinsons is a complex condition, and medical emergencies sometimes occur despite excellent care. Home care should never replace necessary medical attention. But families can take proactive steps to reduce preventable setbacks. Support safe movement. Follow the established medication plan. Encourage adequate nutrition and hydration. Continue rehabilitation recommendations. Attend follow-up appointments. Watch for meaningful changes. Communicate concerns. And make sure the family has enough support. These actions may seem simple individually. Together, they create something powerful: A safer and more coordinated environment for recovery. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Home Should Be More Than the Place Someone Returns To For a person living with Parkinsons, home represents familiarity. Routine. Family. Memories. Dignity. Independence. And often, the place where the person most wants to remain. At PennDYNAMIC Care at Home, our goal is to help families protect that possibility. Through personalized care, proactive communication, disease-informed support and coordination with the individual's healthcare team, we help make home a place where recovery can continue and quality of life remains the priority. Because getting someone home is only the first step. Helping them stay safer, stronger and supported at home is the next. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Love Is Not Enough When You Are Dealing With Parkinsons Disease When someone you love is living with Parkinsons, you may find yourself constantly wondering whether you are doing enough, watching closely for the next fall or worrying about another trip to the hospital. You do not have to carry all of that responsibility alone. The right support can help your loved one remain safer at home while giving your family greater confidence and peace of mind. When someone you love is challenged with Parkinsons and you need assistance, please call PennDYNAMIC Care at Home at 610-467-7827. We would be honored to listen to your concerns, learn about your loved one's needs and discuss how PennDYNAMIC Care at Home may be able to support your family. PennDYNAMIC Care at Home Personalized. Coordinated. Expert-Led Care at Home. www.DynamicCareAtHome.com