Preventing Falls with Exercises to Improve Balance and Flexibility

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Holly Creek - Christian Living Communities

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Jun 01, 2021

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This year, more than 25 percent of people ages 65 and older will experience a fall, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Many of these falls will result in a broken hip or potentially life-threatening injury. After suffering a fall, an understandable fear of falling again may result in decreased physical activity, weaker muscles and poor balance, making future incidents more likely. Most experts agree that exercise is key to fall prevention in older adults.
Falls can be the result of normal age-related changes, including poor eyesight or poor hearing. Illnesses and other conditions may also have an impact on strength and balance. As people age, their reaction time is slower, so when a trip occurs, they often dont react quickly enough to prevent a fall. The CDC cites exercise as a way to keep legs stronger and to decrease the chances of falling.
Preventing Falls at Home
Many older Americans are injured when they fall at home. These falls are often due to hazards in the home that are easily fixed but sometimes overlooked. The CDC offers a home safety checklist that includes the following recommendations:

Make sure rooms offer a clear path for walking and that no furniture needs to be moved around.
Use rug pads beneath rugs to keep them in place.
Pick up objects that are on the floor that dont belong, such as magazines, papers, or shoes.
Keep wires and cords tucked away so they are not a tripping risk.
Keep steps free of clutter. Make sure stairs are in good repair with a solid stair rail.
Ensure there is good lighting in hallways and other areas.
Use a rubber mat to avoid slips in the bathtub. Have grab bars available near the tub and toilet.

Exercises for Balance and Flexibility
Exercise is a proven way to prevent falls because it strengthens the muscles that keep us upright and also improves our balance. Be sure to check with your doctor before starting any exercise program to make sure it is safe.
For the greatest benefit, experts recommend a mixture of the following exercise types:

Aerobic Walking, bicycling, or climbing stairs can help strengthen the muscles of your legs and lower body.
Flexibility and balance Try tai chi to improve muscle strength while increasing balance. This ancient Chinese practice consists of slow, gentle movements many older adults appreciate, and has been shown to significantly reduce the likelihood of falls. Yoga is another low-impact way to improve coordination and flexibility.
Stretching muscles and joints helps to keep them flexible and improves balance.
Resistance and strength training Using hand weights, elastic bands, or a weight machine can help build both upper and lower body strength.

Other exercises, including simple sit-to-stand exercises and balancing practice, are also crucial for fall prevention. Here are some examples:

Heel raises While standing up straight behind a chair, position feet hip-width apart, lift up on the toes, hold, then lower the heels to the floor. Repeat 10 times.
Side leg lifts While standing up straight behind a chair, hold the chair back with both hands, lifting the right leg straight out to the side about 6 inches off the floor. Hold, then return to the starting position. Repeat up to 10 times on each side.
Standing heel lifts Standing up straight behind a chair, hold the chair back with both hands, extending your right leg behind you with toes touching the floor. Bend the right knee up, trying to touch your right buttock with your heel. Hold, then slowly lower the leg. Repeat up to 10 times on each side.

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It can begin to affect independence and quality of life.How Balance Therapy Can HelpBalance therapy begins by determining why someone is having difficulty.A physical therapist may evaluate walking patterns, strength, posture, flexibility, coordination and balance. When dizziness or vertigo is involved, the vestibular system may also need to be evaluated.FYZICAL's balance and gait programs can include assessment and evaluation, gait training, balance retraining, fall-prevention strategies, functional training and vestibular rehabilitation. Treatment depends on the individual's condition and goals, and services can vary by location. FyzicalThe goal isn't simply to perform exercises in a clinic.The larger goal is helping people function better in everyday life.That might mean being able to walk across the yard, get out of a chair more easily, navigate a busy store, attend a grandchild's event, travel, or simply feel more secure moving around the house.Strength and Balance Work TogetherMuscle strength plays an important role in stability.Weakness in the legs, hips and core can make recovering from a stumble more difficult. 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When that system isn't functioning properly, a person may experience dizziness, vertigo, motion sensitivity or unsteadiness.Vestibular rehabilitation is a specialized form of therapy intended to address these types of problems. Depending on the underlying condition, therapy may include balance retraining and exercises that help improve coordination between vision, movement and the vestibular system. FyzicalFor an older adult who has been limiting activities because of dizziness or fear of falling, identifying the source of the problem can be an important first step.Staying Independent Means Staying EngagedOne of the most important benefits of better mobility isn't measured in repetitions or test scores.It's measured in life.It's having the confidence to meet a friend for lunch.It's walking into a grandchild's school concert.It's continuing to live in the home you love.It's feeling comfortable going to the grocery store or taking the dog for a walk.And in Minnesota, it can mean feeling better prepared for the additional challenges that winter weather brings.Maintaining independence isn't about doing everything exactly as you did decades ago. It's about preserving the ability and confidence to continue doing the things that matter to you.Don't Wait for a Fall to Address Your BalanceSomeone doesn't have to experience a serious fall before talking with a healthcare professional about balance.If you or a family member has noticed increasing unsteadiness, dizziness, changes in walking, difficulty with stairs, or fear of falling, consider discussing those changes with a physician or physical therapist.Early attention may help identify areas that can be strengthened or improved.FYZICAL's approach emphasizes assessment and individualized treatment rather than assuming every balance problem has the same cause. FyzicalFind a FYZICAL Location Near YouMinnesota seniors and their families can connect with FYZICAL Therapy & Balance Centers in:White Bear Lake 2680 County Rd E East - (651) 504-2212Edina 5227 W 73rd Street -  952-207-2997Woodbury 670 Commerce Drive #130 -  (651) 501-2010Inver Grove Heights 7751 Amana Trail #300 -  651-842-8100Apple Valley 15083 Flagstaff Avenue #A - 612-246-6900   Lakeville 17761 Kenwood Trail - 952-236-0415Contact the location most convenient for you to learn about available physical therapy, balance, gait, vestibular and fall-prevention services. Because FYZICAL locations are independently operated, specific services may vary by clinic. FyzicalBetter balance can mean more than steadier steps. It can mean greater confidence, greater freedom and more opportunities to remain active and independent.

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