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What Are the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands? The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the front of the neck just above the collarbone. It has two lobes, with one lobe on each side of the windpipe. As part of the endocrine system, it produces hormones, known as T3 and T4, that regulate metabolism—the speed at which cells in the body work— and affects other functions, such as heart rate and energy level. The four rice-sized parathyroid glands are located behind the thyroid, deep within the neck. They control the amount of calcium in the bloodstream. Calcium plays a critical role in the electrical functions of the body. Thyroid problems affect 20 million Americans, and women experience thyroid problems five to eight times more than men. Most thyroid diseases are lifelong conditions but can usually be managed with a variety of treatments.
THYROID DISORDERS The most common thyroid disorders are caused by an imbalance of hormones. It’s critical that the thyroid produces the correct amount of hormones. If too little thyroid hormone is produced, this is hypothyroidism; if too much is produced, this is hyperthyroidism. Both can affect many functions in the body. Weight gain Fatigue Increased sensitivity to cold Dry skin Constipation Muscle weakness Problems with memory or concentration Signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism include: HYPOTHYROIDISIM When the thyroid gland produces too little hormone, this is known as hypothyroidism or underactive thyroid. Hypothyroidism affects up to 5% of the U.S. population, with a further estimated 5% being undiagnosed.
Signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism include:
Weight gain Fatigue Increased sensitivity to cold Dry skin Constipation Muscle weakness Problems with memory or concentration
Hypothyroidism can be caused by: Hashimoto’s Disease. This disorder causes the body's immune system to attack thyroid tissue and eventually destroy the thyroid gland, leading to the underproduction of thyroid hormone. Over-response to hyperthyroidism treatment. People who produce too much thyroid hormone are often treated with medications to reduce the hormone, and sometimes the body can then produce too little. Thyroid surgery. Removing any part of the thyroid gland can reduce hormone production. Radiation therapy. Radiation used to treat cancers of the head and neck can reduce hormone production. Medications. Several medications can contribute to hypothyroidism. Be sure to understand the side effects of any medications you’re taking so your doctor can monitor your thyroid function. Hypothyroidism can be caused by: Treatment of Hypothyroidism Hypothyroidism is commonly treated with thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Taken orally, this medication increases the amount of thyroid hormone the body produces.
When the thyroid gland produces too little hormone, this is known as hypothyroidism or underactive thyroid. Hypothyroidism affects up to 5% of the U.S. population, with a further estimated 5% being undiagnosed.
Hyperthyroidism can be caused by:
Toxic nodule or multinodular goiter -- A single nodule or lump in the thyroid – or several nodules forming a goiter -- can produce more thyroid hormone than the body needs and lead to hyperthyroidism. Graves' disease - Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder in which the body's immune system attacks the thyroid. Patients with Graves’ disease often have enlargement of the thyroid gland and become hyperthyroid. Sub-acute thyroiditis - A viral infection can cause inflammation of the thyroid gland, resulting in excess amounts of thyroid hormone. It usually resolves on its own. Postpartum thyroiditis - Some women can develop hyperthyroidism after childbirth, followed by a period of hypothyroidism. It usually resolves after a few months Excessive iodine consumption- Consuming too much iodine can cause hyperthyroidism. In most cases, it usually resolves when the excess iodine is discontinued.
Treatment of Hyperthyroidism Hyperthyroidism is commonly treated with antithyroid drugs that block or reduce the thyroid’s production of hormones. Other options include oral radioactive iodine followed by thyroid hormone replacement therapy, and beta blockers, which block the action of thyroid hormones on the body. HYPERTHYROIDISM Toxic nodule or multinodular goiter -- A single nodule or lump in the thyroid – or several nodules forming a goiter -- can produce more thyroid hormone than the body needs and lead to hyperthyroidism. Graves' disease - Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder in which the body's immune system attacks the thyroid. Patients with Graves’ disease often have enlargement of the thyroid gland and become hyperthyroid. Sub-acute thyroiditis - A viral infection can cause inflammation of the thyroid gland, resulting in excess amounts of thyroid hormone. It usually resolves on its own. Postpartum thyroiditis - Some women can develop hyperthyroidism after childbirth, followed by a period of hypothyroidism. It usually resolves after a few months Excessive iodine consumption- Consuming too much iodine can cause hyperthyroidism. In most cases, it usually resolves when the excess iodine is discontinued. Hyperthyroidism can be caused by: THYROID DISORDERS Weight loss Rapid heartbeat (tachycardia) Increased sensitivity to heat Excess sweating Tremors Irritability and nervousness Muscle weakness Frequent bowel movements Changes in menstrual patterns Sleep difficulty High blood pressure Increased appetite Signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism include: When the thyroid gland produces too little hormone, this is known as hypothyroidism or underactive thyroid. Hypothyroidism affects up to 5% of the U.S. population, with a further estimated 5% being undiagnosed. THYROID NODULES Thyroid nodules are growths or lumps in the thyroid gland. They are common, and the vast majority of nodules are benign, or non-cancerous. Often, no specific treatment is needed, and the thyroid can simply be monitored for signs of hyperthyroidism. If the nodule causes affects breathing or swallowing, your doctor may recommend surgery. THYROID CANCER Thyroid cancer is found in about 5% of thyroid nodules. There are several types of thyroid cancer, some more aggressive than others, but overall, the prognosis for thyroid cancer is positive, with survival rates between 75%-100%. Like other thyroid conditions, thyroid cancer is more common in women than men. Other factors that increase the risk of thyroid cancer include exposure to radiation and genetics. Thyroid cancer is treated with surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. ENLARGED THYROID An enlargement of the thyroid gland, also known as a goiter, appear as a swelling in the neck. It can be small or large, can cause no symptoms, or can cause and increase or decrease in thyroid hormones. In the United States, a goiter can develop when the thyroid gland does not make enough hormones, so it attempts to make more by growing larger. As in hypothyroidism, a goiter can also be a side effect of certain medications. In other parts of the world, goiters can develop from a lack of iodine. In other cases, there are no known causes. Treatment depends on the cause of the goiter, symptoms, and complications resulting from the goiter. Small goiters that aren't noticeable and don't cause problems usually don't need treatment .PARATHYROID DISORDERS The most common parathyroid disorders are caused by an imbalance of the parathyroid hormone, known as PTH. PTH regulates the amount of calcium in the body. HYPOPARATHYROIDISM When the parathyroid glands produce too little hormone, this is known as hypopararthyroidism or underactive parathyroid. This leads to low blood calcium. Treatment of Hypoparathyroidism Treatment of hypoparathyroidism includes oral calcium carbonate tablets and a prescription parathyroid hormone used with supplemental calcium and vitamin D. Tingling lips, fingers, and toes Muscle aches, cramps, and spasms Calcium deposits in some tissues Dry hair and skin Signs and symptoms of hypoparathyroidism include: Brittle nails Patchy hair loss Pain in the face, legs, and feet Painful menstrual periods HYPERPARATHYROIDISM When the parathyroid glands produce too much hormone, this is known as hyperpararthyroidism or overactive parathyroid. This leads to high blood calcium levels. There are two types of hyperparathyroidism. In primary hyperparathyroidism, an enlargement of one or more of the parathyroid glands causes overproduction of the hormone. Surgery is the most common treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism. Secondary hyperparathyroidism occurs due to another disease that first causes low calcium levels in the body. Over time, increased parathyroid hormone levels occur. Factors that may contribute to secondary hyperparathyroidism include severe calcium deficiency, severe vitamin D deficiency, and chronic kidney failure. Treatment of Hyperparathyroidism Treatment of hyperparathyroidism include surgical removal of enlargements or tumors, hormone replacement therapy, and calcimimetics -- a drug that mimics calcium in the blood and may encourage the parathyroid glands to release less parathyroid hormone. Osteoporosis Kidney stones Bone and joint pain Thinning hair Excessive urination Abdominal pain Muscle weakness Depression or forgetfulness
PARATHYROID TUMORS Parathyroid tumors may increase the levels of parathyroid hormones. Parathyroid tumors are extremely rare and are usually benign, or non-cancerous. Surgery to remove the tumor is recommended if it is causing abnormal blood calcium levels.
TESTING FOR AND DIAGNOSING THYROID DISORDERS TSH – If your physician suspects a thyroid disorder, a blood test will likely be ordered. Blood tests for your thyroid include: The is most accurate measure of thyroid activity and measures the amount of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone. High levels of TSH indicate an underactive thyroid, while low levels indicate an overactive thyroid. T3 and T4 – These tests measure the amount of the two types of thyroid hormones. TSI – This measures thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin, an antibody that instructs the thyroid gland to produce more thyroid hormones. This test is performed when overactive thyroid is suspected. Antithyroid Antibody Test – This test measures the antibodies that instruct the body to destroy thyroid tissue and cells, resulting in underactive thyroid. Other testing and diagnostic tools include:
Ultrasound -- An ultrasound creates an image of the thyroid and can reveal enlargements or nodules on the thyroid. Thyroid Scan -- Like ultrasound, a thyroid scan creates an image of the thyroid. The patient ingests a small amount of radioactive iodine to help generate the image. It is often performed with a radioactive iodine uptake test. Radioactive Iodine Uptake Test -- This test involves giving a small amount of radioactive iodine to measure how much is taken up by the thyroid. This test can tell the difference between several causes of increased thyroid hormone blood levels. Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) Biopsy -- In this test, a small needle collects tissue samples for testing under a microscope. Other testing and diagnostic tools include: TRUST FLORIDA GULF COAST ENT FOR YOUR THYROID AND PARATHYROID HEALTH With expert understanding of the anatomy and functioning of the ears, nose, throat, and related parts of the head and neck, your physicians at Florida Gulf Coast ENT are specially trained in evaluating, diagnosing, and treating disorders of the thyroid and parathyroid glands. As ENTs, we are also surgeons and can remove thyroid nodules, tumors, and other masses. Florida Gulf Coast ENT is the premier care provider for your thyroid and parathyroid health. (239) 514-2225
Osteoporosis is a common condition that predominantly affects postmenopausal women. A decrease in the bodys estrogen levels leads to low bone mass which in turn increases the risk of fracture. According to the International Osteoporosis Foundation, approximately of 30% of postmenopausal women in the United States have osteoporosis and of these, 40% will sustain at least one fracture over the course of their lifetime. Given that a fracture may require surgery and a hospital stay, it is important to take every measure to prevent the development of osteoporosis.1. Calcium & Vitamin D: Get the Right AmountIt is widely known that calcium and vitamin D in the right amounts will decrease the rate of bone loss and keep your bones strong. The question is: how much do you need? The answer will depend on your age, gender, and dietary habits. Rather than following a general guideline, it is best to speak with your own doctor or nutritionist about how much calcium and vitamin D you are receiving from your diet, and how much you should supplement. A history of other health conditions, such as kidney stones, may affect how much calcium you need, and these decisions are best made on an individuals basis.2. Exercise: A Little Goes a Long WayResearch has shown time and again that exercise has a positive impact on bone density and reduces the risk of fractures. In general, women with osteoporosis are advised to exercise for 30 minutes, 3 times a week as a lifestyle treatment. A variety of exercises including walking, jogging, and resistance training have all been demonstrated to be effective for prevention as well. Again, speak with your healthcare provider about an exercise plan that you will enjoy and receive the benefits from for years to come.3. Smoking CessationThere are many reasons to kick the habit for good, and improving your bone health is one of them. Smoking accelerates bone density loss and is associated with increased fracture risk. The good news is that quitting, even later in life, can have a significant impact not just on your bones, but on other aspects of your health as well. Quitting is never easy, but there are more resources to help you quit today than ever before.Your bone health is important. In addition to these three lifestyle habits for osteoporosis prevention, screening plays an important role in identifying those patients who may need treatment with a medication to prevent further damage. Bone mineral density scans (e.g. DEXA scan) are a quick, painless way to assess your risk. Screening should begin in all women at 65 years of age and older, and may start younger in women and men with certain risk factors. Speak with your healthcare provider about the best plan of attack to keep your bones strong for a long and independent life.
ALS and In-Home Care unfortunately go hand in hand. ALS, or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, is a progressive neurological disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. As the disease progresses, people with ALS may experience difficulty speaking, swallowing, and breathing, as well as a loss of mobility and muscle control. This often requires an individual to receive ALS in-home care.What is ALS?The Mayo Clinic defines ALS as:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (a-my-o-TROE-fik LAT-ur-ul skluh-ROE-sis), known as ALS, is a nervous system disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. ALS causes loss of muscle control. The disease is progressive which means that it gets worse over time. ALS is often called Lou Gehrigs disease after the baseball player who was diagnosed with it. The exact cause of the disease is still not known. A small number of cases are inherited.Can ALS patients live at home?ALS In-home care can be an important component of the care plan for individuals with ALS, as it can provide much-needed support and assistance with activities of daily living, such as bathing, dressing, and eating. ALS In-home care can also provide emotional support and companionship, which can be especially important for people with ALS who may experience social isolation and depression. In addition, ALS in-home care can help minimize the risk of complications and hospitalizations by ensuring that individuals with ALS receive appropriate medical care and monitoring. Overall, in-home care can play a critical role in helping people with ALS to maintain their independence and quality of life for as long as possible.How to care for an ALS patient at home.Caring for an ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) patient at home requires patience, empathy, and careful planning. First and foremost, it is crucial to establish a comfortable and safe environment for the patient. This includes modifying the home such as installing grab bars, ramps, and wheelchair access. This enables a caregiver to safely and effectively care for the patient as their disease progresses.Home Modifications For SeniorsIt is also important to ensure that the patient can access all necessary medical equipment and medications. Caregivers should also be trained on how to properly assist with activities of daily living (ADLs), such as bathing, dressing, and feeding.Communication is vital to understanding the patients needs and preferences. ALS patients often experience difficulty communicating as the disease progresses, so caregivers should be knowledgeable about communication devices and techniques that work for the patient.It is also important to prioritize the patients emotional well-being by providing emotional support, engaging in activities the patient enjoys, and connecting them with support groups and resources. Overall, caring for an ALS patient at home requires a holistic approach that addresses the patients physical, emotional, and medical needs.Local support for ALS patients and their families.Fortunately, the Fort Myers and Cape Coral area has local resources available that are specific to ALS patients. The Lee Health ALS Clinic is a key resource.When visiting the Lee Health ALS Clinic, a team of medical professionals individually assesses the ALS patients symptoms and provides recommendations for supportive therapies and symptom management techniques.Of course, other services to support ALS patients are available such as the private caregiver services available through Abby Services.How can Abby Services help with ALS in-home care?An AlS in-home caregiver can help with many activities to help you remain safe in the home. Abby Services helps residents in Fort Myers, Cape Coral, and surrounding areas find excellent in-home caregivers.We have clients call every day wondering how a private in-home caregiver can help them. As a state-licensed nurse registry overseen by the Agency For Health Care Administration, and The Department of Health, there is a list of things your in-home caregiver can and cant help with.Often this is simply related to a caregivers training and licensure. Wound care for example requires a skilled nurse (an RN or LPN) and your private caregiver is not allowed to assist with that.Overall it is truly a clients choice what they would like help with. The goal is to help clients remain safe in their homes with the support of a private ALS in-home caregiver.Together with our team, we can help guide a family to develop a client-driven plan of care that meets the needs of their loved one.Your private ALS in-home caregiver referred by Abby Services can help many things including:BathingDressingLight housekeepingMeal preparationPersonal hygieneLaundry and linensMedication RemindersAccompany to appointmentsAssist with shopping and errandsAmbulationTransfersToileting and continence carePet Care
How Much Do You Really Know About Arthritis?Arthritis is a term that many people associate with older adults experiencing pain in their joints. But did you know that arthritis, itself, is not a diagnosis, but a term that describes dozens of diseases and conditions? According to the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), the word arthritis means joint inflammation, and may be used to describe any condition affecting the joints, for people of all ages. In fact, arthritis impacts one in five adults in the United States and is the leading cause of work disability.To help you better understand arthritis, weve posed five questions below that explore common arthritic diseases, who is at risk and how to manage these conditions. How many types of arthritis are there?There are more than 100 types of arthritic diseases, which can impact the joints, tendons, ligaments and bones by causing stiffness, swelling and pain. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), some of the more common types of arthritis include the following:Osteoarthritis. This kind of arthritis occurs when joints in the body break down. Its most commonly experienced in the hands, hips, knees and back.Rheumatoid arthritis. This is an autoimmune disease, meaning the bodys immune system causes deterioration by attacking its own tissues. It can damage the joints in the hands, wrists and knees. Potentially, it could also impact the lungs, heart and eyes.Gout. This type of arthritis tends to impact only one joint at a time. During a flare-up, uric acid crystals form within a joint and cause pain, swelling and tenderness. Often, it impacts the big toe.Fibromyalgia. By causing pain throughout the body, fibromyalgia can have a significant impact on a persons quality of life and ability to work.Juvenile arthritis. Also known as childhood arthritis, this condition impacts nearly 220,000 people younger than 18. Its caused by an immune system that is overactive and results in swelling in the joints. What are signs and symptoms to look for?Because there are so many types of arthritis, and because symptoms may overlap with other conditions, it can be difficult to diagnose. The Arthritis Foundation says that if youre experiencing the following signs and symptoms you should consider talking to a doctor:Tenderness, pain, swelling and/or stiffness in one joint or several jointsRedness on or around a jointA joint that feels warmTrouble moving a joint or engaging in your day-to-day activitiesAny joint symptoms that concern youWho gets arthritis?Anyone can get arthritis, no matter their age, gender or cultural background. However, some groups of people face a higher risk than others for certain types of arthritis. For example, according to the CDC women face a higher risk for fibromyalgia, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis while men are more likely to develop gout. Further, its not uncommon for people experiencing other chronic conditions, such as obesity, diabetes and heart disease, to also have arthritis.Other risk factors can include:Age, with the risk increasing as you get olderFamily history, with some types of arthritis have a hereditary connection, including rheumatoid arthritis, lupus and ankylosing spondylitisWeight, with people who are overweight or obese facing an increased risk for osteoarthritis impacting the knees and other jointsSmokingCertain infectionsAn injury to a jointService in the military Are there actions you can take to lower your risk for arthritis?Possibly. While there is no magic pill that can protect you from arthritis, some people may be able to reduce their risks or at least delay the onset of certain types of arthritis, according to the Arthritis Foundation. For example, maintaining a healthy weight may help lower your risk for osteoarthritis; quitting (or never starting) smoking may help prevent rheumatoid arthritis; and eating a healthy diet that is low in sugar and alcohol as well as purines (thats a chemical compound that turns into uric acid) may help decrease your risk for gout. What can you do to manage your arthritis?If youve been diagnosed with arthritis, there are a number of steps that you can take that may help to ease pain and decrease inflammation. Those include:See your healthcare provider regularly and follow their advice. They know you best and can help you devise a plan to address your symptoms and help you continue to do the things you enjoy in life.Move more. It may sound counterintuitive, but physical activity may actual help reduce pain and improve the way you feel and move, according to the CDC. Try out a variety of joint-friendly activities, such as cycling, swimming, walking and tai chi. If working out is new to you, talk to your doctor first. With their approval, start small, aiming for five to 10 minutes at a time, and work towards the goal of 150 minutes per week, along with two days of strength-building activities. Manage your weight. Weight can put additional stress on your joints. Aim to reach or maintain a healthy weight through diet and exercise. If youre struggling, ask your doctor for advice.Make healthy eating choices. Research shows that some foods can help control inflammation, while others may contribute to inflammation. People living with arthritis may benefit from an anti-inflammatory diet, which includes fish, nuts, beans, fruits and vegetables (the Mediterranean Diet is a good place to look for guidance, according to the Arthritis Foundation). At the same time, try to limit the foods you eat that cause inflammation, including processed foods like white bread and pastries, fried foods, soda and sugary beverages, red meat and processed meats, along with margarine, shortening and lard. Take care of your mental health. Any chronic condition can take a toll on how youre feeling. And if the condition is limiting your usual activities, as arthritis may do, it can be especially stressful and isolating. If youre feeling hopeless or anxious, or youve lost interest doing the things that once brought you joy, find help. Talk to your primary care provider or connect with a counselor or therapist. A support group might also be useful. The Arthritis Foundation is a good place to start if you think you might benefit from a virtual group.As mentioned, there are more than 100 different types of arthritis, ranging from common to rare. While weve touched on some of the more frequently asked questions, theres still a lot to learn about these conditions. If youre concerned about pain, swelling or tenderness youre experiencing in your joints, talk to your healthcare provider today. To find out more about Healthcare Insurance Plans that include Medicare, Individual & Family, Health & Dental and Vision, call BlueCross BlueShield of Alabama at 251-344-2115.
Florida Gulf Coast ENT offers comprehensive ear, nose, and throat (ENT) care for adults and children. Led by a team of board-certified and fellowship-trained specialists, including Samuel L. Hill, III, MD, FACS, FAAOA, Patrick M. Reidy, MD, Leela Lavasani, MD, FACS, Sue-Lay Plasencia, DNP, ARNP, NP-C, Benjamin Lehmkuhl, DO, Nicole Gergenti, FNP-BC, and Christie McGee, MD, we provide diagnostic, therapeutic, and surgical services. Whether you're experiencing a persistently runny nose, trouble breathing, or issues with your hearing, our team is here to help. Schedule an appointment at one of our convenient locations in Naples, Estero, Pine Ridge, or Downtown Naples. Get lasting relief and improve your quality of life with Florida Gulf Coast ENT.Our physicians, Samuel L. Hill, III, MD, FACS, FAAOA, Patrick M. Reidy, MD, Leela Lavasani, MD, FACS, Price Sonkarley, MD, FACS and Sue-Lay Plasencia, DNP, ARNP, NP-C, are Board Certified, fellowship trained specialists who are supported by a team of highly skilled medical professionals.Our DoctorsAs co-founders and managing partners of Florida Gulf Coast Ear, Nose and Throat, LLC, Dr. Hill and Dr. Reidy are committed to excellence! Their goal is to provide patients with high quality service utilizing the most advanced therapeutic and surgical treatments. Drs. Reidy and Hill achieve this goal by developing a close personal relationship with their patients, and through continued training in the most up-to-date technologies available in their field.Samuel L. Hill, III, MD, FACS, FAAOABOARD CERTIFICATION AND MEDICAL LICENSUREAmerican Board of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryState of FloridaEDUCATIONUniversity of Michigan Bachelor of Science Magna Cum LaudePOSTGRADUATE TRAININGWayne State University Detroit Medical Center Doctor of MedicineWayne State University Detroit Medical Center Internship General SurgeryWayne State University Detroit Medical Center Residency Otololaryngology/Head & Neck SurgeryEar Research Foundation at The Silverstein Institute Fellowship Neuro-otology/Advanced Otologic and Skull Base SurgeryPROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPSAmerican Academy of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryAmerican College of SurgeonsAmerican Academy of Otolayngic AllergyFlorida Medical AssociationCollier County Medical SocietyLee County Medical SocietyWayne State University Medical Alumni SocietyUniversity of Michigan Alumni SocietyPatrick M. Reidy, MDBOARD CERTIFICATION AND MEDICAL LICENSUREAmerican Board of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryState of FloridaEDUCATIONUniversity of Michigan Bachelor of Science GO BLUE!!POSTGRADUATE TRAININGWayne State University Detroit Medical Center Doctor of MedicineWayne State University Detroit Medical Center Internship General SurgeryWayne State University Detroit Medical Center Residency Otololaryngology/Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity of Chicago Medical Center Fellowship Rhinology / Allergy / Advanced Sinus SurgeryPROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPSAlpha Omega Alpha Medical Honor SocietyAmerican Academy of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryAmerican Rhinological SocietyFlorida Medical AssociationCollier County Medical SocietyLee County Medical SocietyUniversity of Michigan Alumni SocietyWayne State University Medical Alumni SocietyLeela Lavasani, MD, FACSDr. Lavasani offers a comprehensive program of specialized ear, nose and throat care that reflects our commitment to delivering individualized and optimal treatment to patients of all ages. She has the experience and skill to provide comprehensive diagnosis and management of diseases that affect the ears, nose and paranasal sinuses, voice, throat, thyroid and neck.BOARD CERTIFICATION AND MEDICAL LICENSUREAmerican Board of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryState of FloridaEDUCATIONMacalester College Bachelor of Arts BiologyPOSTGRADUATE TRAININGChicago Medical School- Masters of Science- Applied PhysiologyGeorge Washington University School of Medicine Doctor of MedicineThomas Jefferson University Residency OtolaryngologyPROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPSAmerican Academy of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryAmerican College of SurgeonsAmerican Medical Womens AssociationAlpha Omega Alpha of OtolaryngologyCollier County Medical SocietyBenjamin Lehmkuhl, DOFlorida Gulf Coast ENT is happy to welcome our newest physician to the team, Dr. Ben Lehmkuhl. A native from Iowa, Dr. Lehmkuhl graduated medical school from Des Moines University, and then completed his otolaryngology, head and neck surgery residency at the University of Kentucky. During his training, Dr. Lehmkuhl became fond of taking care of the entire familys ear, nose, and throat complaints and dedicated himself to learning to provide care for patients of all age ranges from newborns to geriatrics. He enjoys taking care of patients with hearing loss, balance disorders, ear infections, sore throats, sinus disease, nasal obstruction, allergies, neck masses, thyroid nodules, voice complaints, sleep disturbances and swallowing difficulties, as well as pediatrics. BOARD CERTIFICATION AND MEDICAL LICENSUREAmerican Board of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery EligibleState of FloridaEDUCATIONClarke University, Debuque, IA Bachelor of Science in BiologyPOST GRADUATE TRAININGDes Moines University, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Des Moines, IA -Doctor of Osteopathic MedicineWestern Reserve Hospital, Cuyahoga Falls, OH Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery ResidencyUniversity of Kentucky, Lexington, KY Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery ResidencyPROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPS:American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryKentucky Society of OtolaryngologyAmerican Osteopathic Association MemberLee County Medical Society MemberChristie McGee, MDA native of South Florida, Dr. McGee completed Otolaryngology residency training in Miami, FL, and is excited to utilize her comprehensive skills and training to treat the community of Collier County. Dr. McGee offers comprehensive surgical and medical Otolaryngologic care to patients of all ages for the following conditions:Diseases of the Paranasal Sinuses and Nasal Cavity including allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, sinonasal polyp disease, complex sinus infections, deviated septum, nasal obstruction, nosebleeds, and smell lossAcute and chronic hearing loss, ear infections, perforated eardrum, eustachian tube dysfunction, vertigoPediatric sleep-disordered breathing, tonsillectomy, adenoidectomy, ear tubes, congenital lesions, speech and swallow disordersDiseases of the airway and larynx including voice and swallow changes, vocal cord paralysis, benign lesions, and malignancies, as well as tracheostomy and cervical airway scar tissue managementBenign and malignant lesions of the upper aerodigestive tract, thyroid gland, neck, salivary glands, and skin of the head and neckFacial paralysisAge-related changes of the face including management of wrinkles with BotoxAdult surgical management of obstructive sleep apnea and snoringBOARD CERTIFICATION AND MEDICAL LICENSUREAmerican Board of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery EligibleState of FloridaEDUCATIONUniversity of Florida- Bachelor of Science in Biology- Magna Cum LaudePOSTGRADUATE TRAININGTufts University School of Medicine- Masters of Science in Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Miami Miller School of Medicine- Doctor of MedicineUniversity of Miami/Jackson Memorial Hospital- Residency- Otolaryngology and Head and Neck SurgeryPROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPSAmerican Academy of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck SurgeryAmerican Rhinologic SocietyFlorida Society of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck SurgeryGold Humanism Honor SocietyCollier County Medical SocietyNicole Gergenti, FNP-BCNicole Gergenti is a board certified Family Nurse Practitioner. She was born in New York but raised in Southwest Florida. She has always had a passion for serving others, which is what drove her ambition to pursue a career in the medical field. After obtaining her first bachelors degree in human performance from Florida Gulf Coast University, she quickly knew the career path she wanted to pursue. She then acquired her second bachelors degree in nursing from Nova Southeastern University. She began her nursing career as a registered nurse for Lee Health on their surgical oncology unit. During her time working at the hospital, she continued her education at Nova Southeastern University and obtained her masters in nursing as a Family Nurse Practitioner. She strives to always listen to and provide her patients with the utmost best care possible.EDUCATIONFlorida Gulf Coast University- Bachelor of Science in Human PerformanceNova Southeastern University- Bachelor of Science in NursingNova Southeastern University- Masters in NursingSuelay Plasencia, DNP, APRN, NP-CSuelay Plasencia is a board-certified doctorate prepared Family Nurse Practitioner. She is born and raised in Florida and has extensive nursing experience in critical care and oncology. She started her career as a nurse at Moffitt Cancer Center and continued her oncology career at Lee Memorial Hospital. She has transitioned her education into a nurse practitioner with training at Moffitt Cancer Center and several outpatient family practices. Sue is passionate about providing affordable and convenient care for all patients. She has the dedication and skill to provide detailed care for diseases affecting the ear, nose, paranasal sinuses, throat, thyroid, and neck.BOARD CERTIFICATION AND MEDICAL LICENSUREAmerican Academy of Nurse Practitioners- Family Nurse PractitionerState of FloridaEDUCATIONSouth University Tampa- Bachelor of Science in NursingPalm Beach Atlantic University- Doctorate in Nursing PracticePROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPSSigma Theta Tau Honor SocietyAmerican Academy of Nurse PractitionersOncology Nursing SocietyNurse Practitioner Council of Collier CountyNurse Practitioner Council of Lee CountyChristopher Hatwell, PA-C, MMSBorn and raised in New Jersey, Christopher has called Southwest Florida home for 25 years. He completed his physician assistant training at Nova Southeastern while serving as class president and graduating with honors. He has practiced locally since graduation with experience in family practice as well as neurology. He has a passion for treating illness, patient education and expanding his medical knowledge to help better treat his patients. When not in the office he can be found with his wife and two sons playing sports and enjoying the beaches and waterways of Naples.Audiology TeamSHANAI HILL, AU.D., CCC-ADr. Shanai Hill has been with Florida Gulf Coast ENT and Hearing Center since its inception in 2005. She helped to create the Audiology Department alongside her husband, Dr. Samuel Hill and his partner, Dr. Patrick Reidy. She currently provides hearing and hearing aid services including hearing aid evaluation, demonstrations, repairs, and sales at our Estero location. Dr. Hill believes that the hearing rehabilitation process should be much more than a retail transaction. She is dedicated to working closely with her patients as they embark on their journey to better hearing. She provides continuous education, counseling, validation and technological support for her patients and their families in order to improve their communication abilities and their overall quality of life.Prior to her time with FCGHC, she practiced Pediatric Audiology at All Childrens Specialty Care Center/Johns Hopkins in Ft. Myers and the Childrens Hospital of Michigan. During that time, she diagnosed and treated pediatric hearing loss including participating in the Craniofacial/Cleft Palate Team and the Cochlear Implant Team. She also spent 2 years in the Michigan Public Schools System as an Educational Audiologist providing hearing therapy and hearing aid/ FM unit support for hearing impaired students.Dr. Hill has a Bachelor of Arts degree in Communication Disorders from Michigan State University, a Master of Science degree in Audiology from Wayne State University, and a Doctor of Audiology degree from the University of Florida. In her spare time, she enjoys traveling, cooking, having fun with her husband and teenage boys, and serving at her church.NICOLE DIEHL, AU.D., CCC-A, FAAADr. Diehl began her higher education by receiving a Bachelor of Science in Communication Sciences and Disorders from Ohio University in 2011. She later when on to obtain a Doctorate of Audiology at East Tennessee State University. During this time, she was trained at the Mountain Home Veterans Affairs Medical Center in evaluations of hearing, balance, tinnitus, and fitting of hearing aids and other assistive devices.Following her graduation from East Tennessee State University, she worked in private practice as well as at an ear, nose, and throat specialist. She worked in Dalton, Massachusetts as a diagnostic and dispensing audiologist at a private practice ENT for both adult and pediatric populations before relocating to Florida. Dr. Diehl is committed to improving her patients quality of life using state-of-the-art hearing technology.ELVERA BADER AU.DDr. Elvera Bader joined Florida Gulf Coast ENT in 2023 after moving to Florida with her husband and two daughters. Originally from New York, Dr. Bader earned her bachelors degree in communication sciences and disorders from CUNY Brooklyn College and her doctorate in Audiology from the CUNY Graduate Center in NYC.Before joining Florida Gulf Coast ENT, Dr. Bader worked independently at a small boutique practice in NYC, specializing in the hearing healthcare needs of musicians and others in the music industry. She later joined a busy Otolaryngology practice affiliated with the Northwell Health System, where she spent five years. During this time, she was part of a comprehensive team of providers focusing on the diagnosis and treatment/management of hearing disorders from birth through adulthood.Dr. Bader is dedicated to providing evidence-based care in a personalized, patient-centered approach, guiding her patients on their journey to improved hearing.
Florida Gulf Coast ENT offers comprehensive ear, nose, and throat (ENT) care for adults and children. Led by a team of board-certified and fellowship-trained specialists, including Samuel L. Hill, III, MD, FACS, FAAOA, Patrick M. Reidy, MD, Leela Lavasani, MD, FACS, Sue-Lay Plasencia, DNP, ARNP, NP-C, Benjamin Lehmkuhl, DO, Nicole Gergenti, FNP-BC, and Christie McGee, MD, we provide diagnostic, therapeutic, and surgical services. Whether you're experiencing a persistently runny nose, trouble breathing, or issues with your hearing, our team is here to help. Schedule an appointment at one of our convenient locations in Naples, Estero, Pine Ridge, or Downtown Naples. Get lasting relief and improve your quality of life with Florida Gulf Coast ENT.Our physicians, Samuel L. Hill, III, MD, FACS, FAAOA, Patrick M. Reidy, MD, Leela Lavasani, MD, FACS, Price Sonkarley, MD, FACS and Sue-Lay Plasencia, DNP, ARNP, NP-C, are Board Certified, fellowship trained specialists who are supported by a team of highly skilled medical professionals.Our DoctorsAs co-founders and managing partners of Florida Gulf Coast Ear, Nose and Throat, LLC, Dr. Hill and Dr. Reidy are committed to excellence! Their goal is to provide patients with high quality service utilizing the most advanced therapeutic and surgical treatments. Drs. Reidy and Hill achieve this goal by developing a close personal relationship with their patients, and through continued training in the most up-to-date technologies available in their field.Samuel L. Hill, III, MD, FACS, FAAOABOARD CERTIFICATION AND MEDICAL LICENSUREAmerican Board of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryState of FloridaEDUCATIONUniversity of Michigan Bachelor of Science Magna Cum LaudePOSTGRADUATE TRAININGWayne State University Detroit Medical Center Doctor of MedicineWayne State University Detroit Medical Center Internship General SurgeryWayne State University Detroit Medical Center Residency Otololaryngology/Head & Neck SurgeryEar Research Foundation at The Silverstein Institute Fellowship Neuro-otology/Advanced Otologic and Skull Base SurgeryPROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPSAmerican Academy of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryAmerican College of SurgeonsAmerican Academy of Otolayngic AllergyFlorida Medical AssociationCollier County Medical SocietyLee County Medical SocietyWayne State University Medical Alumni SocietyUniversity of Michigan Alumni SocietyPatrick M. Reidy, MDBOARD CERTIFICATION AND MEDICAL LICENSUREAmerican Board of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryState of FloridaEDUCATIONUniversity of Michigan Bachelor of Science GO BLUE!!POSTGRADUATE TRAININGWayne State University Detroit Medical Center Doctor of MedicineWayne State University Detroit Medical Center Internship General SurgeryWayne State University Detroit Medical Center Residency Otololaryngology/Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity of Chicago Medical Center Fellowship Rhinology / Allergy / Advanced Sinus SurgeryPROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPSAlpha Omega Alpha Medical Honor SocietyAmerican Academy of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryAmerican Rhinological SocietyFlorida Medical AssociationCollier County Medical SocietyLee County Medical SocietyUniversity of Michigan Alumni SocietyWayne State University Medical Alumni SocietyLeela Lavasani, MD, FACSDr. Lavasani offers a comprehensive program of specialized ear, nose and throat care that reflects our commitment to delivering individualized and optimal treatment to patients of all ages. She has the experience and skill to provide comprehensive diagnosis and management of diseases that affect the ears, nose and paranasal sinuses, voice, throat, thyroid and neck.BOARD CERTIFICATION AND MEDICAL LICENSUREAmerican Board of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryState of FloridaEDUCATIONMacalester College Bachelor of Arts BiologyPOSTGRADUATE TRAININGChicago Medical School- Masters of Science- Applied PhysiologyGeorge Washington University School of Medicine Doctor of MedicineThomas Jefferson University Residency OtolaryngologyPROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPSAmerican Academy of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryAmerican College of SurgeonsAmerican Medical Womens AssociationAlpha Omega Alpha of OtolaryngologyCollier County Medical SocietyBenjamin Lehmkuhl, DOFlorida Gulf Coast ENT is happy to welcome our newest physician to the team, Dr. Ben Lehmkuhl. A native from Iowa, Dr. Lehmkuhl graduated medical school from Des Moines University, and then completed his otolaryngology, head and neck surgery residency at the University of Kentucky. During his training, Dr. Lehmkuhl became fond of taking care of the entire familys ear, nose, and throat complaints and dedicated himself to learning to provide care for patients of all age ranges from newborns to geriatrics. He enjoys taking care of patients with hearing loss, balance disorders, ear infections, sore throats, sinus disease, nasal obstruction, allergies, neck masses, thyroid nodules, voice complaints, sleep disturbances and swallowing difficulties, as well as pediatrics. BOARD CERTIFICATION AND MEDICAL LICENSUREAmerican Board of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery EligibleState of FloridaEDUCATIONClarke University, Debuque, IA Bachelor of Science in BiologyPOST GRADUATE TRAININGDes Moines University, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Des Moines, IA -Doctor of Osteopathic MedicineWestern Reserve Hospital, Cuyahoga Falls, OH Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery ResidencyUniversity of Kentucky, Lexington, KY Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery ResidencyPROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPS:American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryKentucky Society of OtolaryngologyAmerican Osteopathic Association MemberLee County Medical Society MemberChristie McGee, MDA native of South Florida, Dr. McGee completed Otolaryngology residency training in Miami, FL, and is excited to utilize her comprehensive skills and training to treat the community of Collier County. Dr. McGee offers comprehensive surgical and medical Otolaryngologic care to patients of all ages for the following conditions:Diseases of the Paranasal Sinuses and Nasal Cavity including allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, sinonasal polyp disease, complex sinus infections, deviated septum, nasal obstruction, nosebleeds, and smell lossAcute and chronic hearing loss, ear infections, perforated eardrum, eustachian tube dysfunction, vertigoPediatric sleep-disordered breathing, tonsillectomy, adenoidectomy, ear tubes, congenital lesions, speech and swallow disordersDiseases of the airway and larynx including voice and swallow changes, vocal cord paralysis, benign lesions, and malignancies, as well as tracheostomy and cervical airway scar tissue managementBenign and malignant lesions of the upper aerodigestive tract, thyroid gland, neck, salivary glands, and skin of the head and neckFacial paralysisAge-related changes of the face including management of wrinkles with BotoxAdult surgical management of obstructive sleep apnea and snoringBOARD CERTIFICATION AND MEDICAL LICENSUREAmerican Board of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery EligibleState of FloridaEDUCATIONUniversity of Florida- Bachelor of Science in Biology- Magna Cum LaudePOSTGRADUATE TRAININGTufts University School of Medicine- Masters of Science in Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Miami Miller School of Medicine- Doctor of MedicineUniversity of Miami/Jackson Memorial Hospital- Residency- Otolaryngology and Head and Neck SurgeryPROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPSAmerican Academy of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck SurgeryAmerican Rhinologic SocietyFlorida Society of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck SurgeryGold Humanism Honor SocietyCollier County Medical SocietyNicole Gergenti, FNP-BCNicole Gergenti is a board certified Family Nurse Practitioner. She was born in New York but raised in Southwest Florida. She has always had a passion for serving others, which is what drove her ambition to pursue a career in the medical field. After obtaining her first bachelors degree in human performance from Florida Gulf Coast University, she quickly knew the career path she wanted to pursue. She then acquired her second bachelors degree in nursing from Nova Southeastern University. She began her nursing career as a registered nurse for Lee Health on their surgical oncology unit. During her time working at the hospital, she continued her education at Nova Southeastern University and obtained her masters in nursing as a Family Nurse Practitioner. She strives to always listen to and provide her patients with the utmost best care possible.EDUCATIONFlorida Gulf Coast University- Bachelor of Science in Human PerformanceNova Southeastern University- Bachelor of Science in NursingNova Southeastern University- Masters in NursingSuelay Plasencia, DNP, APRN, NP-CSuelay Plasencia is a board-certified doctorate prepared Family Nurse Practitioner. She is born and raised in Florida and has extensive nursing experience in critical care and oncology. She started her career as a nurse at Moffitt Cancer Center and continued her oncology career at Lee Memorial Hospital. She has transitioned her education into a nurse practitioner with training at Moffitt Cancer Center and several outpatient family practices. Sue is passionate about providing affordable and convenient care for all patients. She has the dedication and skill to provide detailed care for diseases affecting the ear, nose, paranasal sinuses, throat, thyroid, and neck.BOARD CERTIFICATION AND MEDICAL LICENSUREAmerican Academy of Nurse Practitioners- Family Nurse PractitionerState of FloridaEDUCATIONSouth University Tampa- Bachelor of Science in NursingPalm Beach Atlantic University- Doctorate in Nursing PracticePROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPSSigma Theta Tau Honor SocietyAmerican Academy of Nurse PractitionersOncology Nursing SocietyNurse Practitioner Council of Collier CountyNurse Practitioner Council of Lee CountyChristopher Hatwell, PA-C, MMSBorn and raised in New Jersey, Christopher has called Southwest Florida home for 25 years. He completed his physician assistant training at Nova Southeastern while serving as class president and graduating with honors. He has practiced locally since graduation with experience in family practice as well as neurology. He has a passion for treating illness, patient education and expanding his medical knowledge to help better treat his patients. When not in the office he can be found with his wife and two sons playing sports and enjoying the beaches and waterways of Naples.Audiology TeamSHANAI HILL, AU.D., CCC-ADr. Shanai Hill has been with Florida Gulf Coast ENT and Hearing Center since its inception in 2005. She helped to create the Audiology Department alongside her husband, Dr. Samuel Hill and his partner, Dr. Patrick Reidy. She currently provides hearing and hearing aid services including hearing aid evaluation, demonstrations, repairs, and sales at our Estero location. Dr. Hill believes that the hearing rehabilitation process should be much more than a retail transaction. She is dedicated to working closely with her patients as they embark on their journey to better hearing. She provides continuous education, counseling, validation and technological support for her patients and their families in order to improve their communication abilities and their overall quality of life.Prior to her time with FCGHC, she practiced Pediatric Audiology at All Childrens Specialty Care Center/Johns Hopkins in Ft. Myers and the Childrens Hospital of Michigan. During that time, she diagnosed and treated pediatric hearing loss including participating in the Craniofacial/Cleft Palate Team and the Cochlear Implant Team. She also spent 2 years in the Michigan Public Schools System as an Educational Audiologist providing hearing therapy and hearing aid/ FM unit support for hearing impaired students.Dr. Hill has a Bachelor of Arts degree in Communication Disorders from Michigan State University, a Master of Science degree in Audiology from Wayne State University, and a Doctor of Audiology degree from the University of Florida. In her spare time, she enjoys traveling, cooking, having fun with her husband and teenage boys, and serving at her church.NICOLE DIEHL, AU.D., CCC-A, FAAADr. Diehl began her higher education by receiving a Bachelor of Science in Communication Sciences and Disorders from Ohio University in 2011. She later when on to obtain a Doctorate of Audiology at East Tennessee State University. During this time, she was trained at the Mountain Home Veterans Affairs Medical Center in evaluations of hearing, balance, tinnitus, and fitting of hearing aids and other assistive devices.Following her graduation from East Tennessee State University, she worked in private practice as well as at an ear, nose, and throat specialist. She worked in Dalton, Massachusetts as a diagnostic and dispensing audiologist at a private practice ENT for both adult and pediatric populations before relocating to Florida. Dr. Diehl is committed to improving her patients quality of life using state-of-the-art hearing technology.ELVERA BADER AU.DDr. Elvera Bader joined Florida Gulf Coast ENT in 2023 after moving to Florida with her husband and two daughters. Originally from New York, Dr. Bader earned her bachelors degree in communication sciences and disorders from CUNY Brooklyn College and her doctorate in Audiology from the CUNY Graduate Center in NYC.Before joining Florida Gulf Coast ENT, Dr. Bader worked independently at a small boutique practice in NYC, specializing in the hearing healthcare needs of musicians and others in the music industry. She later joined a busy Otolaryngology practice affiliated with the Northwell Health System, where she spent five years. During this time, she was part of a comprehensive team of providers focusing on the diagnosis and treatment/management of hearing disorders from birth through adulthood.Dr. Bader is dedicated to providing evidence-based care in a personalized, patient-centered approach, guiding her patients on their journey to improved hearing.