When Should I Include a Pour Over Will in My Estate Plan?

Protecting Your Loved Ones Independence and Well-Being at HomeHelping a family member remain independent and living at home is a labor of love, but at times it can be overwhelming. There is so much to consider beyond just their overall health and well-being. Depending on the situation, a loved one may need immediate or future help coordinating medical care or managing finances. Having the proper Power of Attorney credentials established can help caregivers navigate the complexities of the system and avoid costly or time-consuming pitfalls during their loved ones aging journey.Here is a basic overview of two of the most common Power of Attorney documents:Financial Power of Attorney (Durable)With a Financial Power of Attorney (POA), a person known as the principal appoints an agent to carry out financial and other activities, as instructed by the principal. Often the person designated is a family member but note that it may be advisable to name a primary agent and an alternate agent. Principals may choose whether the POA becomes effective immediately or only in the event of illness/disability. Ideally, the POA document should have language indicating that it is durable (remains in effect even after the person is legally incapacitated). In Pennsylvania, the Financial POA must be notarized and witnessed. The law also stipulates that a POA must exercise the powers for the benefit of the principal, keep the assets of the principal separate from their own, and exercise reasonable caution and prudence. Financial Power of Attorney ceases after the principal passes away.Medical Power of AttorneyPennsylvania recognizes two types of advanced directives for healthcare decisions: Medical Power of Attorney and Living Wills. The Medical Power of Attorney, also known as a Healthcare POA or healthcare proxy, is broader in scope than a Living Will in that it empowers the caregiver to make all medical decisions if their loved one is unconscious, incapacitated, or mentally incompetent. The appointed person will be able to access medical records, speak to healthcare professionals, and make healthcare judgments and medical decisions based on their loved ones treatment (or non-treatment) preferences. A Medical POA is a crucial component of advance care planning, allowing your loved one to ensure that their healthcare preferences are honored. The document must have two witnesses and be notarized.Information and downloadable Power of Attorney pdf documents are available online. During the application process to Senior LIFE, a Senior LIFE outreach coordinator can also help you get started with the POA process. Contact us today.   

As we age, having all our legal ducks in a row becomes increasingly important before anything happens; for example, having a written will. But what is the best way to ensure others can safeguard your loved ones affairs if they cannot? Two common solutions are guardianship and power of attorney. A guardianship involves court-appointed authority over an incapacitated persons affairs, with broader and ongoing responsibilities and oversight. The power of attorney allows a competent person to give another person broad authority over their senior care options and other affairs without court involvement. When weighing guardianship vs power of attorney, it is essential to understand the differences and similarities between them. This article provides a broad overview; please consult an elder law attorney for your specific scenario.  What is Guardianship? A guardianship is a legal arrangement in which a court appoints someone to make decisions for another person. This occurs only when a person becomes incapacitated due to disability, age, or another form of incapacity.   The purpose of guardianship is to protect the best interests of the person, who then is considered a ward. Guardianship proceedings are held in court, and the guardian is appointed to serve the wards needs.  Not all guardianships are the same. Like powers of attorney, there are several types, including: Guardian of the person: This person makes all decisions on behalf of the ward, including living arrangements, health decisions, and financial decisions. Guardian of the estate: Also known as a conservator, this person handles all financial decisions on behalf of the ward, including property, income, and expenses. Plenary guardian: The appointee handles daily and financial business for the ward. Limited guardianship: This person handles a specific area of responsibility for the ward. Guardianship is often a last resort when other less restrictive options are insufficient to protect an individuals interests. It is a significant legal responsibility, with the guardian expected to act with the highest level of integrity and care.What is a Power of Attorney? A power of attorney, or POA, allows a person to act in another persons stead. Depending on the scope of a power of attorney, the person named may be able to make health, financial, and any other decisions as per the termsThere are several types of powers of attorney, includingGeneral power of attorney: Allows the appointee numerous powers depending on the terms of the POA. Special or limited power of attorney: Has a specific purpose and is often used for property transfers or sales. Durable power of attorney: Designed to extend automatically should the maker become incapacitated. The terms of these POAs are generally broad. Nondurable power of attorney: Expires immediately if the maker becomes incapacitated. Springing power of attorney: Takes effect upon a specific event, such as when the maker of the POA becomes incapacitated. It is important to remember that the maker may revoke any power of attorney at any time, although some may have a time limit. Additionally, all POAs expire when the maker of the agreement dies.  What is Incapacity for Guardianship Purposes? A guardian may be appointed when a person cannot manage their activities of daily living, such as personal care, property, or finances.   A guardianship may occur when the subject of the guardianship petition is a minor or is suffering from a mental illness, physical incapacitation, or a senior with declining cognitive abilitiesSomeone who wants to seek guardianship must file a petition with the court. If approved, the guardian must agree to court oversight throughout the guardianship. The guardian must also demonstrate that the allegedly incapacitated person cannot manage his or her own financial matters, legal affairs, or personal careDoes a Durable Power of Attorney Help Prevent Guardianship? A durable power of attorney is a legal document you can use as a proactive measure. It can prevent the need for guardianship, assuming the person could execute the power of attorney before becoming incapacitated.  In some cases, a power of attorney may only cover the principals financial affairs, while in other cases, it can help avoid guardianship proceedingsKeep in mind that the person executing a durable power of attorney can designate a trusted individual to make decisions on his or her behalf should the person become incapacitated. Powers of attorney may allow the person appointed to make health, legal, and financial decisions on behalf of the principal.Advantages and Disadvantages of Guardianship One of the most significant disadvantages of guardianship is a loss of autonomy. Wards may lose the right to make many personal decisions, including where to live. You must weigh the advantages and disadvantages of guardianship carefully to ensure the ward retains dignityAnother disadvantage is loss of privacy since guardianship proceedings are often a matter of public record. While there can be potential for abuse of authority, guardianships are complicated. There are reporting requirements and numerous legal steps that one must completeSome of the advantages of guardianship include ensuring the well-being and safety of the ward. Additionally, this step can help prevent financial exploitation because a trusted person manages finances on behalf of the ward rather than another entity or the state assuming control.Guardians also serve as advocates for their wards, ensuring they receive proper medical care, educational opportunities, and other essential services. The guardian is also regularly present in the wards life, providing stability and more predictable outcomes.Deciding Between Guardianship and Power of Attorney A guardianship proceeding can be complex and difficult under the best of circumstances and should only be implemented when there is no better alternative. You can often avoid seeking guardianship through the courts by creating a power of attorney as a piece of an overall estate plan. Every family is different but ensuring your family members physical and emotional well-being is essential to us all.  How CarePatrol Can Help If your loved one needs senior care solutions, whether assisted living, nursing home, or another type of senior living environment, CarePatrol is here to help. Our local senior care advisors will meet with you to help you navigate the best senior care options for your loved one and even take you on personalized tours of the top three communities.  The best part is that our service is provided at no cost to you. Contact a local senior living care near you to get started. 

I hope this message finds you in good health and high spirits. As your trusted elder law and estate planning advocate here at Bellomo & Associates, I am excited to share some insights into a topic close to my heart legacy planning. Life is a beautiful journey filled with moments that shape, define, and create the unique tapestry of our existence. For many of us, legacy planning can be both contemplative and uplifting. Its about weaving the threads of your life into a story that not only withstands the test of time but also serves as a guiding light for generations to come. Legacy isnt just about the assets you accumulate; its about the values you hold dear, the wisdom youve gained, and the love youve shared. As an elder law and estate planning attorney, my goal is to help you craft a legacy that echoes your unique narrative. Its about ensuring that your journey, struggles, and triumphs become a source of inspiration for those you cherish the most. Just as our lives evolve through different seasons, so should our estate plans. Whether you are an income-generating couple, a wise senior considering the next steps, or a young family dreaming of a secure future, your legacy plan should be a reflection of your current reality and your aspirations for the future. For those approaching the golden years, the prospect of skilled nursing facility care can be a daunting one. Our team is here to guide you through the intricacies of elder law with warmth and compassion. Its not just about protecting your assets; its about ensuring that you receive the care and respect you deserve. To the young families reading this, I understand the joy and responsibility that comes with building a family. Legacy planning is not just a matter of paperwork; its a promise to provide and protect. Lets work together to create a plan that safeguards your loved ones, ensuring their future is as bright as the love you share. I invite you to join me and our team at our next estate planning workshop. Its a space where like-minded individuals come together to learn, share, and ask questions. Estate planning is not just a legal process; its a collaborative journey, and were here to guide you every step of the way. Remember, your legacy is not just about what you leave behind; its about the impact you make today. Lets embark on this journey together, creating a legacy that stands as a testament to a life well-lived.To a future filled with purpose and legacy,Jeff Bellomo