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By Dr. Lauren Loftis, Regional Medical Director, VITAS Healthcare
Pain and discomfort can be under-recognized and under-treated in patients with serious illness. At the end of life, 81% of patients cite being pain free as an important factor in dying a “good death.” 1 Along with the physiological pain associated with a patient’s terminal illness, anxiety and depression may contribute to their “total pain.” Social, emotional, and spiritual dimensions of total pain increase the patient’s suffering beyond their physical discomfort.
A holistic approach to targeting pain at the end of life enables physicians to provide relief and comfort care that improve the patient’s quality of life.
To illustrate, a patient I’ll call Bob Jones is a 65-year-old male with stage IV colon cancer and extensive metastases to the bone, liver, and brain. Mr. Jones’ wife is his caretaker, and he is estranged from his son who lives out of state. His son does not accept his terminal diagnosis. Despite surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation, Mr. Jones’ disease has progressed.
As I meet Mr. Jones for an initial hospice encounter, I ask open-ended questions, especially what matters most to him at this point in his disease progression, to determine his goals of care. I learn he is a Vietnam Veteran with signs of undiagnosed PTSD. He is constipated and desires to return home and spend time with his wife. He wishes to go to Hawaii but fears that this can no longer happen. His son does not want him to take morphine.
As physicians, when we ask about pain, we keep in mind that it is defined by the patient. Hospice clinicians manage pain based on the needs and expectations of the patient and family, not our own.
Getting an accurate measure of the pain level is necessary for appropriate treatment. The patient may be reluctant to report pain for fear of being a “complainer” or a desire to avoid opioids. Asking open-ended questions may help you gauge pain more effectively:
Other indicators of pain and suffering can be viewed or discussed. Dryness of the eyes can lead to painful keratitis as well as infections. Patients on long-term oxygen therapy may have skin breaks around the nares, dryness, and episodes of epistaxis, which can be distressing. Patients who have been using noninvasive modes of ventilation may have pressure ulcers at the nasal bridge and cheeks. Pooling oral secretions and lack of oral care can lead to oral ulcers and dental issues.
Signs of malnutrition include temporal wasting, supra, infra-clavicular wasting, scaphoid abdomen, and skin dryness. Loss of muscle mass can create an increased risk of skin breakdown. Dehydration signs include dryness of mucosal surfaces, loss of skin turgor, and dry skin. Abdominal fullness can point towards constipation or urinary retention, which can cause significant distress to the patient. Lastly, a hygiene assessment and well-being focused on maintaining the patient's dignity are essential.
For Mr. Jones, our VITAS team contacted his son to discuss his hesitation to provide pain medication for his father. Using a calm and thoughtful approach, we explored where his beliefs came from and if they were simply based on a common misconception about the use of morphine in hospice patients.
Mr. Jones had agreed to hospice services “to get out of this place,” meaning the hospital, and go home to sleep in his own bed, with his wife and dogs nearby, his stated goals for end of life. He received Continuous Care to help manage his symptoms at home. The VITAS hospice physician evaluated him at admission and after transport to his home. Clinicians profiled his medications, which we arranged to be delivered to the home along with a bedside commode, walker, oxygen, and briefs.
Once in hospice, the interdisciplinary team—a team manager, primary nurse, hospice aide, physician, chaplain, social worker, team physician, and volunteer—collaborates to address the patient’s total pain beyond opioids alone. VITAS also has an in-house pharmacy team with Pharm Ds on call to assist with symptom management consultations, medication selection, and dose conversions.
After Mr. Jones arrived home, the home health aide gave Mr. Jones the first true bath he had had in weeks. The team addressed his constipation. We consulted our VITAS social worker and chaplain to help him and his family. The VITAS Pharm D assisted with a methadone titration regimen and pharmacologic selection.
With these interventions, Mr. Jones “felt so much better he couldn’t believe it” and “wished he’d called us months ago.” He was able to live at home for nearly six months after his hospitalization. His course of symptom management allowed him to make meaningful memories with his family. He also achieved resolution to his estrangement with his son, which was not only significant to him but also the rest of the family, even beyond Mr. Jones’ death.
A total pain approach to comfort care minimizes any medication side effects—even those not related to the terminal illness—while enhancing the patient’s:
This includes empowering the patient to participate in decision-making, which helps them retain dignity and a sense of control.
The emphasis of comfort care is to improve the patient’s quality of life in their remaining months, weeks, and days. The outcomes of the hospice interdisciplinary care team’s efforts are evident—in the photos we receive and the kind words of family members and even patients themselves who entrusted their care to us. Like Mr. Jones, many tell us: “We wish we knew about hospice sooner.”
Questions about total pain management? Ready to refer a patient? Contact your VITAS representative.
1Meier, Emily, et al. (2016). “Defining a Good Death (Successful Dying): Literature Review and a Call for Research and Public Dialogue.” American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. Retrieved Sept. 16, 2024
For low-income Collier County residents who are working but uninsured, access to the medications they need is not as easy as going to a regular chain pharmacy to pick them up. Thats where the Neighborhood Health Clinics expanded non-narcotic medication room comes in, giving patients managing chronic conditions including hypertension and diabetes timely access to medications at no cost. The 1,850-square-foot medication room, located at the clinic on Goodlette-Frank Road near Central Avenue, was built at a cost of $500,000 and is named for the late Stacy Forman, a Naples philanthropist who donated funding for the expansion.Keith Maples, CEO of Neighborhood Health Clinic, said the expanded medications facility enhances the clinics ability to serve patients faster and more efficiently. On a typical day, a patient can walk in and when they walk out, theyre walking out with thousands of dollars worth of medication that, if it were outside of the Clinic, they would not be able to fill those prescriptions because it would be outside of what they could afford, Maples said. He said the expanded space, equipped with updated technology and increased storage capacity, allows for a larger inventory of non-narcotic medications that enables the Clinic to fill prescriptions immediately to minimize delays in treatment. In 2024, the Clinic distributed $6.5 million in retail value of medications thanks to partnerships with Americares, Direct Relief, Dispensary of Hope and other pharmaceutical companies. The expansion allows us to work even more with our pharmaceutical partners to basically procure all of the medications necessary for our patients, Maples said. He said that many patients arriving at the Clinic for the first time have not previously received medical care for the condition needing treatment and may have vastly elevated blood pressure or blood sugar levels, for example. When they walk through the doors, theyre at such a heightened level that were trying to bring it back to a controlled number to where its manageable for them, Maples said. If their A1Cs are through the roof, their [blood] sugars are through the roof, were trying to get them back to an established number that helps them feel better. Well never cure them of all those illnesses, but well maintain that health for them, so they feel better and have a better quality of life.Clinic grows to meet patient demand The nonprofit Neighborhood Health Clinic was established in 1999 by Dr. Bill and Nancy Lascheid to provide medical care to low-income, working but uninsured Collier County adults. Their daughter, Leslie Lascheid, now serves as president of the organization. In 2024 the clinic saw more than 12,000 patient visits and delivered more than 30,000 patient procedures, Maples said, with all medications, primary care, specialty care, surgeries and outpatient procedures provided free of charge to patients.All funding is through philanthropy, as the Clinic does not receive any city, county, state or federal funding including Medicaid or Medicare. Over the years the clinic has expanded as the patient load has increased. The original 11,000-square-foot facility more than doubled in size with the completion of the Armstrong Medical Specialties Building in 2021, which expanded the campus to 23,000 square feet. The addition of the Van Domelen Education and Wellness Building, also in 2021, took the total to its current 32,000 square feet, and when the Bill and Candy Raveis Pathology Building is completed this summer, the total campus will be at 43,000 square feet, according to Marcie Berland, the Clinics director of development. Maples said the Clinic has expanded strategically over the years to meet the medical needs of patients many of whom work in hospitality, service or construction industries in Collier County and the growing volume of patient visits. When weve expanded, we didnt do it just to do it, he said. We based it on what were the patient needs and what do we need in-house on a daily basis to deliver the care, providing the opportunity for a patient to walk in the door, get all the care they need and not have to go to another location somewhere else, or come for another appointment. Because when our patients miss days of work, thats food on the table and the roof over their heads. Its not like if I call in sick: I get a sick day and still get paid. He said the campus expansions allow most procedures including lab work to be done in-house, creating opportunities for sustainable, uninterrupted patient care. When that patient walks through the doors, I never want them to wonder where theyre going to get their care or how theyre getting to their next appointment, Maples said. Many of our patients get rides here, or they walk or ride their bikes, because very few own cars that they can drive in. And while the Clinic does have a full-time paid staff of 14 and five part-time staff, no medical professionals are paid to deliver care, Maples said. More than 250 physicians, 50 dentists, 100 nurses and 300 non-medical personnel deliver care and provide patient education on a volunteer basis.
Beyond the Surface: Naples Cancer Advisors Spotlight Melanoma During Awareness MonthMay 1, 20256 Min ReadBy Jillian Hunt, CNP Executive Director of Clinical Operations at Naples Cancer AdvisorsMay is Melanoma Awareness Month, and in sun-drenched Collier and Lee Counties, its more than a calendar observance. Its a call to action. The sunny environment increases exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays, which are a significant risk factor for skin cancer, including melanoma. Understanding the risks and adopting preventive measures can help residents enjoy the sun safely while minimizing their skin cancer risk.At NCA, we specialize in delivering second opinions and expert oncology guidance at no cost to patients. Our team, including nationally recognized oncologist Dr. Philip Leming, believes that no one should face a cancer diagnosis alone. This month, we want to shine a light on reshaping melanoma prevention, detection, and awarenessso you can stay protected and proactive.Prevention: A Daily Practice, Not Just a Summer ChecklistMost people know the basics: use sunscreen, avoid tanning beds, cover up when outside. But melanoma doesnt just show up where the sun shines. It can develop under your fingernails, between your toes, even on your scalp or eyes. We educate patients to look everywhere, not just the obvious spots.One powerful (and often overlooked) fact: a single blistering sunburn in childhood doubles your lifetime risk of melanoma. Thats why prevention is a family affair. We urge parents to build sun safety habits early and keep them consistent all year.Detection: A Watchful Eye is The Best ToolThe front line of defense against skin cancer is early detection. Identifying skin changes especially changes in moles is the easiest way to catch skin cancer earlier.What is a mole?A mole is a benign (non-cancerous) growth on the skin that develops when melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing pigment, cluster together instead of being evenly distributed. Moles can be present from birth or develop later in life.ABCDEs of Moles and Melanoma Detection Asymmetry: One half of the mole doesnt match the other. Border irregularity: The edges of the mole are uneven, ragged, or notched. Color variation: The mole has multiple shades of brown, black, or other colors like red, white, or blue. Diameter: The mole is larger than 6 millimeters (about the size of a pencil eraser). Evolving: The mole has changed in size, shape, or color, or has new symptoms like itching, bleeding, or crusting.The ABCDEs are a helpful tool for self-examination and can prompt individuals to seek professional medical advice if any of these signs are present.Dermatologists remain the front line in detection and diagnosis. However, emerging technologies are offering exciting backup. Artificial intelligence skin scanners and total body imaging are improving the speed and accuracy of diagnosis.Whether its through advanced tools or a trained eye, one truth remains: catching melanoma early saves lives.The NCA Difference: Compassionate, Cost-Free Cancer GuidanceNaples Cancer Advisors was founded to be a bridge for patients who feel lost, overwhelmed, or unsure where to turn after a cancer diagnosis. We offer a second set of expert eyes, help explain treatment options, connect people to top-tier providers, and support them throughout their journey.Melanoma may be aggressive, but its also highly preventable and treatable when caught early. This May, we urge everyone in our community to schedule a skin check, learn your ABCDEs (Asymmetry, Border, Color, Diameter, Evolving), and take sun safety seriously.And if you ever need clarity or support after a diagnosis, Naples Cancer Advisors is herefree, local, and fully focused on you.Jillian Hunt, CNP BioJillian has been caring for cancer patients since 2004. In that time, she has set the benchmark for her patient-centric approach in Cincinnati, Southwest Florida, and beyond.Her professional journey began at Cincinnati Childrens Hospital Medical Center in 1999 on the hematology/oncology/bone marrow transplant unit and later the emergency department.After spending five years caring for children, Jillian found her passion in caring for the adult oncology patient. Starting as a chemotherapy infusion nurse in private practice with Dr. Philip Leming at Cincinnati Hematology Oncology, she then pursued an advanced degree to offer a higher level of care to her cancer patients.Jillian has been an oncology nurse practitioner since 2011 and is passionate about patient care, education and staying current on research opportunities available for the patients she cares for.Jillian is a national speaker traveling to educate clinicians on the use and management of toxicities of medications that are used in cancer treatments. She has spoken at national nursing conferences and sits on several advisory boards. Jillian feels strongly about staying on the front lines to improve patient care and expert advice on cancer.Jillian was born and raised in Cincinnati and graduated from Lakota High School. She and her husband have five children. Outside of her love and passion for oncology, Jillian and her husband are licensed foster parents and have participated in global mission trips to serve orphaned children around the world.Naples Cancer Advisors239-846-2273 (CARE)3201 Tamiami Trail N, Suite 112, Naples, FL 34103
Hospice Care in Southwest Florida: Collier, Lee, Glades, and Hendry countyThe VITAS Healthcare team visits patients wherever they call home, including but not limited to: private homes, senior living communities, and long term care facilities in Southwest Florida. We have offices located in Collier and Lee County and an Inpatient Unit in Naples. Coming soon, VITAS Inpatient Unit in Lee County.VITAS provides 24/7 support whenever our patients and families need it.At VITAS, we prioritize our patients and their families above all else. By concentrating on enhancing quality of life, managing symptoms and pain effectively, and minimizing 911 calls and hospital readmissions, we ensure our patients' comfort and well-being. VITAS distinguishes itself from traditional hospice providers through a personalized approach to care planning, transparent medication management, and a comprehensive range of specialized modalities tailored to meet diverse patient needs. These include physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, respiratory therapy, wound care, palliative oncology therapy, palliative dialysis, and more.Office Locations:Fort Myers VITAS Hospice Office12751 Westlinks Dr. Fort Myers, 33913 Vitas Inpatient Unit at Solaris Healthcare Imperial900 Imperial Golf Course Blvd. Naples, 34110 Naples VITAS Hospice Office4980 N Tamiami Trail, Suite 102, Naples 34103Our Care ServicesAt VITAS we care for patients with an interdisciplinary team comprising a nurse, physician, aide, social worker and chaplain. Our teams design personalized care plans to ensure comfort, dignity and quality of life. Hospice Care at Home Condition-Specific Care 24/7 Telecare Intensive Comfort Care Veterans Care Inpatient Hospice Care Music Therapy Paw Pals Pet Visits Grief and Bereavement Support
Hospice Care in Southwest Florida: Collier, Lee, Glades, and Hendry countyThe VITAS Healthcare team visits patients wherever they call home, including but not limited to: private homes, senior living communities, and long term care facilities in Southwest Florida. We have offices located in Collier and Lee County and an Inpatient Unit in Naples. Coming soon, VITAS Inpatient Unit in Lee County.VITAS provides 24/7 support whenever our patients and families need it.At VITAS, we prioritize our patients and their families above all else. By concentrating on enhancing quality of life, managing symptoms and pain effectively, and minimizing 911 calls and hospital readmissions, we ensure our patients' comfort and well-being. VITAS distinguishes itself from traditional hospice providers through a personalized approach to care planning, transparent medication management, and a comprehensive range of specialized modalities tailored to meet diverse patient needs. These include physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, respiratory therapy, wound care, palliative oncology therapy, palliative dialysis, and more. Office Locations:Fort Myers VITAS Hospice Office12751 Westlinks Dr. Fort Myers, 33913 Vitas Inpatient Unit at Solaris Healthcare Imperial900 Imperial Golf Course Blvd. Naples, 34110 Naples VITAS Hospice Office4980 N. Tamiami Trail, Suite 102, Naples 34103 Our Care ServicesAt VITAS we care for patients with an interdisciplinary team comprising a nurse, physician, aide, social worker and chaplain. Our teams design personalized care plans to ensure comfort, dignity and quality of life. Hospice Care at Home Condition-Specific Care 24/7 Telecare Intensive Comfort Care Veterans Care Inpatient Hospice Care Music Therapy Paw Pals Pet Visits Grief and Bereavement Support
Hospice Care in Southwest Florida: Collier, Lee, Glades, and Hendry countyThe VITAS Healthcare team visits patients wherever they callhome, including but not limited to: private homes, senior living communities,and long term care facilities in Southwest Florida. We have offices located inCollier and Lee County and an Inpatient Unit in Naples. Coming soon, VITASInpatient Unit in Lee County.VITAS provides 24/7 support whenever our patients and familiesneed it.At VITAS, we prioritize our patients and their families aboveall else. By concentrating on enhancing quality of life, managing symptoms andpain effectively, and minimizing 911 calls and hospital readmissions, we ensureour patients' comfort and well-being. VITAS distinguishes itself fromtraditional hospice providers through a personalized approach to care planning,transparent medication management, and a comprehensive range of specializedmodalities tailored to meet diverse patient needs. These include physicaltherapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, respiratory therapy, wound care,palliative oncology therapy, palliative dialysis, and more.Office Locations:Fort Myers VITAS HospiceOffice12751 Westlinks Dr. Fort Myers, 33913 Vitas Inpatient Unit atSolaris Healthcare Imperial900 Imperial Golf Course Blvd. Naples, 34110 Naples VITAS Hospice Office4980 N Tamiami Trail, Suite 102, Naples 34103Our Care ServicesAt VITAS we care for patients with an interdisciplinary teamcomprising a nurse, physician, aide, social worker and chaplain. Our teamsdesign personalized care plans to ensure comfort, dignity and quality of life. Hospice Care at Home Condition-Specific Care 24/7 Telecare Intensive Comfort Care Veterans Care Inpatient Hospice Care Music Therapy Paw Pals Pet Visits Grief and Bereavement Support