The True Benefit of Palliative Care: Talking to Patients About Their Goals and Wishes

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May 05, 2021

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Recent articles inAnnals of the American Thoracic Societyhighlight whygoals-of-care (GOC) conversationsandadvance care planning (ACP) sessionsshould be common in primary practices, specialty clinics, hospitals, and care facilities for patients facing the challenges of advanced lung disease and other advanced illnesses.
Suggesting a goals-of-care conversation should be as commonplace in a clinicians daily routine as taking vital signs.
We want our healthcare colleagues to know that we are prepared at any time to step in and help facilitate these conversations on their behalf, and to follow up by providing expert end-of-life care in patients preferred settings so that they receive thecomfort-focused modalities and supportthey want and deserve.
Engaging in and completing these conversations delivers measurable, high-impact results for all parties involved.
Where to Start a Goals-of-Care Conversation: 5 Questions
First, palliative care discussions identify key parameters for a patients care moving forward. Here are 5 questions you can ask your patient with advanced illness to help guide their care:

What do you understand about your disease?
What are your fears and concerns about your worsening health?
What is important to you?
What do you want your medical care to look like moving forward?
Are you ready to put your wishes and goals for care in writing so that you, your family, and your medical care team know your preferences?

For patients, GOC conversations result in better outcomes and greater satisfaction with care. For healthcare providers, they result in goal-concordant care that delivers measurable cost savings for patients who have incurable diseases likeadvanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)or lung cancer.
Data cited in this quarters perspective (Ruggiero, R. and Reinke, L.), in fact, notes that the inclusion of palliative carewhich is built around GOC conversations and advance care planningsaves an average of $3,237 per patient over the course of a hospital stay, compared with patients who do not receive palliative care.
Sooner Is Better
Our message to our non-hospice, non-palliative care healthcare colleagues is that the sooner these conversations take place, the better it is for everyone involved.Many patients with advanced lung disease, in fact, are eligible for hospice carelong before these conversations occur.
Follow along with an example of an advance care planning conversation:



If physicians or specialists do not feel comfortable with these difficult-but-rewarding conversations, trained VITAS facilitators are always available to meet with patients and familieswherever they are and whenever they are ready to decide the course of their care as their health declines.
VITAS Can Help You Educate Your Patients
Just as we can help physicians overcome their unease or perceived lack of training to engage in goals-of-care conversations, we can help patients overcome their concerns about the transition to hospice care, by:

reassuring patients that hospice care does not mean giving up the medications or treatments (e.g., inhalers, access to arespiratory therapist) that currently provide comfort and symptom management
explaining the value of theinterdisciplinary hospice teamto address physical, emotional, and spiritual needs
offering an individualized care plan and one offour levels of hospice careto meet their individual needs and goals
adjusting medication delivery seamlessly as their symptoms worsen to maintain comfort (e.g., switch from inhaled medication to nebulized versions in the home)
delivering the necessary equipment, medications, and suppliesdirectly to them, wherever they prefer to receive care, usually at a cost saving
easing the concerns of anxious family members and caregivers through regular team visits, training, educational materials, and 24/7 availability of VITAS clinicians to manage crises and keep their loved one comfortable

Goals-of-Care Conversations Should Be Commonplace
Our goal is to support our healthcare partners in private practices, specialty practices, hospitals, and care facilities. We want them to embrace a 360-degree view of advanced disease so that they know when its time to call VITAS for a goals-of-care conversation. Ideally, suggesting a GOC conversation should be as commonplace in a clinicians daily routine as taking vital signs, interpreting laboratory findings, and exploring treatment options, particularly for those with advanced illness.
What are signs ofhospice eligibility in a patient with advanced lung disease?

A no answer to the surprise question: Would you be surprised if this patient were to die in the next year?
Shortness of breath at rest or with minimal exertion
More than 50% of waking hours spent sitting or resting (Palliative Performance Scaleof about 50%)
More dependence for activities of daily living
Functional decline over time

We know that talking with patients about their disease and wishes is one of the hardestand most importantactivities that healthcare professionals can undertake, especially for patients with advanced illness.

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What Families Should Expect

What Families Should ExpectA hospital discharge does not always mean someone is ready to return home.An older adult may still need wound care after surgery. Another person may need physical therapy after a fall or joint replacement. Someone recovering from pneumonia, a stroke, or another serious illness may require nursing oversight, medication management, rehabilitation, and help rebuilding strength before living independently again.Other families face a different situation.Their loved one may need ongoing nursing care for a chronic health condition that can no longer be safely managed at home or in assisted living.In both situations, skilled nursing can provide a higher level of clinical support.For families in Boise, Idaho, The Terraces of Boise provides both short-term rehabilitation and long-term skilled nursing care within its nonprofit HumanGood Life Plan Community. 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HumanGood describes the program as individualized around each person's recovery goals, including physical and emotional needs.Short-term rehabilitation may be appropriate after:SurgeryIllnessInjuryHospitalizationA significant decline in mobilityThe goal is not necessarily long-term residence.For many patients, skilled nursing is a temporary step between the hospital and home.Physical Therapy Can Help Rebuild Strength and MobilityPhysical therapy is one of the primary rehabilitation services offered at The Terraces of Boise.The program includes customized therapy intended to improve:Muscular strengthCoordinationBalanceConfidenceMobilityThe Terraces also maintains multiple therapy gyms and state-of-the-art rehabilitation equipment.Physical therapy may be especially helpful following:Hip or knee surgeryA fallExtended hospitalizationStrokeGeneral weakness after illnessThe goal is individualized.For one person, success may mean safely walking with a walker.For another, it may mean 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and Monitoring Are IncludedMedication regimens can become complicated following hospitalization.New prescriptions may be added.Other medications may be discontinued.Dosages may change.The Terraces includes medication management and monitoring among its skilled nursing services.This can help ensure that the treatment plan established by physicians is followed consistently during recovery.Medication questions, side effects, and treatment changes should still be discussed with the appropriate healthcare professionals.Wound Care and Surgical Recovery Are AvailableSome patients leave the hospital still requiring wound care.The Terraces of Boise currently lists wound management and surgical recovery among its skilled nursing services.This may be relevant for people recovering from:Major surgeryOrthopedic proceduresChronic woundsOther medical conditions requiring professional treatmentFamilies should discuss the specific wound-care requirements with the clinical team before admission to make sure the facility can meet the person's needs.Respiratory Treatments May Also Be ProvidedThe Terraces' skilled nursing program currently lists respiratory services including:Oxygen therapySuctioningBiPAPCPAPThese services can be important for people with respiratory conditions or those recovering from certain illnesses.Because respiratory needs vary considerably, families should verify whether the facility can accommodate the specific equipment and treatment plan required.Restorative Nursing Can Help Maintain FunctionThe Terraces also lists restorative nursing among its skilled nursing services.Restorative nursing is intended to help patients maintain or improve physical function and support continued independence following formal therapy.This can be especially valuable when a person has completed more intensive rehabilitation but still needs encouragement and structured support to maintain progress.The "House Model" Creates a More Residential EnvironmentSkilled nursing environments do 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HumanGood describes its approach as person-centered and intended for both short- and long-term needs.Long-term residents may need ongoing support with:Nursing careMedication managementPersonal careMobilityChronic health conditionsMedical treatmentsThe clinical team works with residents and families to develop personalized care plans.The Terraces Works With Boise Health SystemsThe Terraces of Boise states that it is a preferred post-acute partner of both St. Luke's and Saint Alphonsus Health System for rehabilitation and skilled nursing care.HumanGood also lists a partnership with St. Luke's Medical Group as part of the post-acute program.These relationships can help support continuity as patients transition from hospital care into rehabilitation.Families should still ask how medical information, discharge instructions, appointments, and follow-up needs are communicated between providers.Skilled Nursing Is Open to the PublicA person does not need to live at The Terraces before using its skilled nursing center.The current Seniors Blue Book profile specifically states that The Village at The Terraces is open to the public, with no entrance fee or community fee required for skilled nursing admission.That means someone can be admitted directly after a hospital stay even if they have never lived in the independent or assisted living portions of the campus.Medicare Coverage Depends on EligibilityThe Terraces skilled nursing center is Medicare-certified according to the current Seniors Blue Book profile.However, Medicare does not automatically pay for every nursing home stay.Medicare Part A may cover skilled nursing facility care for a limited period when specific eligibility requirements are met and the skilled services are medically necessary. Medicare does not generally pay for long-term custodial nursing home care when skilled care is not required.Families should verify coverage directly with Medicare, their insurance plan, and The Terraces before admission.Current Skilled Nursing PricingThe current Seniors Blue Book skilled nursing listing for The Terraces of Boise shows rates beginning at approximately $469 per day. It also lists payment options including Medicare, private insurance, and Veterans Administration benefits.Rates, coverage, and benefit eligibility can change.Families should request a current written estimate that explains:Daily room rateTherapy chargesTreatment costsInsurance coverageMedicare coverageOut-of-pocket responsibilityLong-term care pricingDo not rely only on an advertised starting rate.Why the Life Plan Community Model MattersThe Terraces of Boise is more than a skilled nursing center.It is a nonprofit Life Plan Community offering:Independent livingAssisted livingMemory supportSkilled nursingShort-term rehabilitationFor existing residents, having skilled nursing on the same campus may provide continuity if a health event occurs.For example, an independent living resident who undergoes surgery may temporarily receive rehabilitation in the skilled nursing center and later return to their independent residence when ready.Long-term nursing is also available when needs become more permanent.The Terraces of Boise Contact InformationThe Terraces of Boise5301 East Warm Springs AvenueBoise, Idaho 83716Main Phone: 208-336-5550Skilled Nursing / Rapid Response: 208-504-2990Sales Office: 208-795-3405The campus is located in Southeast Boise near Harris Ranch and the Boise River Greenbelt.The Terraces is operated by nonprofit affiliates of HumanGood, a nonprofit organization serving older adults since 1949.Questions to Ask Before Choosing Skilled NursingWhat Medical Needs Can the Facility Manage?Discuss wound care, respiratory needs, medications, mobility, and other treatments.Which Therapies Will Be Provided?Ask whether physical, occupational, and speech therapy are included in the plan.How Often Will Therapy Occur?Frequency depends on the person's condition, goals, and insurance authorization.Who Is Available Overnight?The Terraces currently lists physician and registered nurse availability around the clock.Is the Goal Short-Term Recovery or Long-Term Care?Make sure the family and care team have the same expectations.How Will Discharge Planning Work?For short-term rehabilitation, ask what milestones need to be achieved before returning home.What Will Insurance Pay?Verify Medicare and insurance benefits before admission.Frequently Asked Questions About Skilled Nursing at The Terraces of BoiseDoes The Terraces offer both rehabilitation and long-term skilled nursing?Yes. The community provides short-term post-acute rehabilitation as well as long-term skilled nursing care.Are the rooms private?Yes. HumanGood currently states that all skilled nursing suites are private and include private bathrooms.Is rehabilitation available after hospitalization?Yes. Short-term rehabilitation is specifically designed for people recovering from illness, injury, surgery, or another health event.What rehabilitation therapies are available?Current services include physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech-language pathology.Can someone who does not already live at The Terraces be admitted?Yes. The skilled nursing center accepts direct admissions from the community and is open to nonresidents.Find The Terraces of Boise Through Seniors Blue BookFamilies researching skilled nursing in Boise, Idaho can also review The Terraces of Boise on SeniorsBlueBook.com.The current skilled nursing profile lists:48 skilled nursing bedsPrivate roomsShort-term rehabilitationLong-term carePhysical, occupational, and speech therapyRespiratory treatmentWound managementSkilled nursing servicesMedicare certificationCurrent starting daily pricingBecause availability, pricing, insurance coverage, and clinical needs vary, families should contact The Terraces directly before making an admission decision.Skilled Nursing Can Be a Bridge or a Long-Term SolutionSome people come to skilled nursing because they are working toward home.They need therapy.Time.Nursing support.A safe place to rebuild strength.Others need an ongoing level of care that can no longer be provided safely in a less intensive setting.At The Terraces of Boise, the skilled nursing program supports both situations through 24-hour professional care, individualized rehabilitation, private suites, therapy services, medication management, wound and respiratory care, and long-term nursing options.For Boise families, the most important question is not simply:Does my loved one need a nursing home?A better question is:What level of clinical care, rehabilitation, and daily support does this person need right now, and what setting can safely provide it?Sometimes skilled nursing is the bridge between the hospital and home.Sometimes it becomes the right long-term setting.Either way, understanding the purpose of skilled nursing can help families make the next decision with greater clarity.