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With more than one
in four adults over 65 suffering a fall each year, falls are the
leading cause of injury for older adults in the United States. Many of these
falls can create serious injuries that lead to long-term health complications
and disabilities. However, falls are not an inevitable part of aging. There are
many ways to reduce the risk of preventable falls, including physical therapy.
This article discusses the most common fall
risk factors for aging adults and how physical therapy can prevent falls and
fall-related injuries. We also provide some practical physical therapy
exercises to try under the supervision of a trusted health care provider or
loved one. Whether you want to improve your balance or build strength, physical
therapy can help you reduce your fall risk.
The Most Common Fall Risk Factors for Older
Adults
Older adults must be proactive about adopting strategies to
prevent falls because falling once doubles the risk of falling
again. Awareness is one of the most important aspects of fall prevention.
If you're aware of your fall risk factors, you can significantly decrease the
chance of falling.
While a combination of risk factors causes falls, many are
preventable. The following are some of the most common issues that contribute
to slips and trips for older adults:
How Physical Therapy Prevents Falls
While you cannot eliminate your fall risk, you can reduce
it through physical therapy. One National Library of Medicine study suggests
that regular multicomponent
exercise helps prevent falls in older adults. Another study published
by the Journal of American Geriatrics Society shows that physical therapy
helped older adults reduce
falls and fall-related injuries by up to 35%.
It's no wonder physical therapy reduces the chance of falls
— routine physical activity is vital for our long-term physical health and
mobility. Exercise strengthens your bones, muscles, and joints, naturally
reducing the likelihood of conditions that increase fall risk, including
sarcopenia and osteoporosis. For this reason, the World Health Organization
suggests older adults partake in moderate
to intense aerobic physical activity for 150 to 300 minutes per week.
How Physical Therapy Benefits Older Adults
Physical therapy programs usually include balance and
strength-training exercises that improve muscle strength, balance, and
coordination over time. A physical therapist can also conduct a home safety
assessment to identify your home's slip, trip, and fall hazards. They might
recommend using an assistive device like a cane or walker.
A physical therapist can develop an exercise program that
meets your unique needs and help you:
Ultimately, routine physical therapy and assistive devices
can improve mobility, enhance safety, and boost your confidence and desire to
be physically active.
Physical Therapy Exercises for Older Adults
Below are some helpful types of physical therapy for
seniors. These activities are only suited for people with a low fall risk who
can stand without support from others. Speak with your primary care physician
or physical therapist before attempting a new exercise or if you're unsure
whether certain movements are beneficial for you.
Sit-to-Stand and Squat Exercises
Sit-to-stand and squatting exercises improve leg strength
and balance. Here's how to conduct a sit-to-stand exercise:
Balance Exercises
Balance exercises help improve balance and coordination,
significantly reducing your fall risk. Always have your physical therapist or a
loved one nearby when doing the following balance exercises:
Strength-Training Exercises
Strength-training exercises keep your muscles, joints, and
ligaments strong and limber. Ask your doctor or physical therapist about trying
out these strength-training exercises:
Protect Yourself or a Loved One With a Medical
Alert System
Physical therapy is an effective way to reduce your risk of
falls. However, accidents happen. At Medical Guardian, we understand that
having a backup plan is vital. It could even save a life. Our mission is to
help you live without limits, including the fear of falls. We've designed
our medical
alert systems and fall detection devices to fit your lifestyle and
complement your fall prevention strategies, providing you and your loved ones
with the peace of mind you need to live independently and safely.
Contact
the Medical Guardian team today to learn how a medical alert system
could benefit you or a loved one. You can also take our quick product
quiz to discover which of our award-winning medical alert systems best
suits your needs and lifestyle.
Pennsylvania offers Medicaid waiver programs under the Community HealthChoices (CHC) umbrella and the Pennsylvania Department of Aging (PDA) Waiver (often referred to as the PA Council on Aging Waiver). These programs help older adults and individuals with physical disabilities remain in their homes or community settings instead of entering nursing facilities. CHC and the PDA Waiver provide long-term services and supports (LTSS) based on assessed functional needs, emphasizing assistance with ADLs and IADLs. Covered services may include personal care assistance, adult day services, home-delivered meals, transportation, home modifications, assistive technology, and respite care for family caregivers. In addition, Pennsylvanias CHC Waiver offers Participant-Directed Services that allow participants to hire and manage their own caregivers, including family members. To qualify, applicants must be Medicaid-eligible, at least 60 years old (for PDA Waiver) or 21+ (for CHC), and require a nursing facility level of care as determined through a standardized functional assessment of ADLs/IADLs. In this article, we explain what Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) are and how needing help with these tasks is central to qualifying for Pennsylvanias Medicaid waivers like CHC and the PDA Waiver.What Are ADLs (Activities of Daily Living)?Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) are fundamental self-care tasks that a person must perform daily to maintain independence. Difficulty with ADLs often signals a need for supportive services. Core ADLs include: Mobility (Ambulating/Transferring): Safely walking, getting up from a chair, or transferring from a bed to a wheelchair. Dressing: Selecting and putting on appropriate clothing (including handling fasteners) without assistance. Eating: Feeding oneselfusing utensils to get food from a plate to the mouth and consuming it. Personal Hygiene: Bathing or showering and performing grooming activities like shaving, brushing teeth, and combing hair on ones own. Toileting (Continence): Independently using the toiletgetting to the toilet, transferring on and off, and cleaning oneself afterward. When someone can no longer perform several ADLs without help, it indicates that ongoing care or support is likely needed.What Are IADLs (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living)?Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) are more complex tasks that allow a person to live independently in the community. While not necessarily performed daily, they are essential for managing ones household and life. Key IADLs include: Shopping for Essentials: The ability to shop for groceries, pick up prescriptions, or purchase clothing and other necessities. Meal Preparation: Planning and cooking mealsgathering ingredients and safely using kitchen appliances. Housekeeping: Keeping the home clean and livable tasks like cleaning, laundry, and taking out the trash. Money Management: Handling finances, such as paying bills on time, managing bank accounts, and budgeting. Transportation: Getting around or arranging transportationdriving oneself or using public transit or rides to run errands and attend appointments. Medication Management: Managing and taking medications properly remembering to take the correct medicines at scheduled times and refilling prescriptions. Communication: Using the phone or computer to communicatelooking up phone numbers, making calls, sending emails, and staying in touch with others. Trouble with IADLs is often one of the first signs that someone needs more support, even if basic ADLs are unaffected.Why ADLs and IADLs Matter for Medicaid Waiver EligibilityIn Pennsylvania, needing help with ADLs and IADLs is a central eligibility criterion for the CHC and PDA Waiver programs. These waivers serve individuals who would otherwise qualify for nursing facility care but prefer to remain in their own homes or community settings. Eligibility is determined through both financial and functional assessments. The functional assessment evaluates whether an individual requires hands-on assistance with ADLs and/or significant help with IADLs, thereby meeting a nursing facility level of care. Pennsylvania uses standardized toolsoften the Pennsylvania LongTerm Care Assessment System (PaLTAS) or the Minimum Data SetHome Care (MDSHC)to score independence in ADLs and IADLs.During the functional evaluation, an assessor reviews abilities such as transferring from bed to chair, walking safely, eating, toileting, meal preparation, housekeeping, medication management, and managing money. Cognitive issuessuch as memory problems due to dementiaare also considered since they impact daily functioning. If an individual cannot perform multiple ADLs without assistance or has significant deficits in IADLs, they are likely to meet the level-of-care requirement and become eligible for waiver services.Community HealthChoices (CHC) WaiverCommunity HealthChoices (CHC) is Pennsylvanias comprehensive HCBS waiver program for individuals aged 21 and older who require a nursing facility level of care. Administered by the Office of Long-Term Living (OLTL), CHC is a managed care program that combines physical health, long-term services and supports, and pharmacy benefits under a single plan (with behavioral health carved out). To qualify for CHC: Be age 21 or older. Meet Medicaid financial eligibility guidelines. Require a nursing facility level of care (confirmed through functional assessment). Live in a setting that meets HCBS requirements (e.g., home, apartment, assisted living). Be a Pennsylvania resident. Once enrolled, participants receive a comprehensive package of services tailored to their needs. Covered services may include personal assistance, home-delivered meals, adult day services, behavioral support, professional nursing, home modifications, assistive technology, transportation, and respite care. CHC also offers Participant-Directed Services, allowing participants to recruit, hire, train, and supervise their own caregiversoften family membersto assist with ADLs (bathing, dressing, toileting) and IADLs (meal preparation, medication reminders).PDA Waiver (Council on Aging Waiver)The Pennsylvania Department of Aging (PDA) Waiver, also called the Council on Aging Waiver, serves seniors aged 60 and over who require nursing facility level of care but choose to remain at home or in other community-based settings like domiciliary care homes. To qualify: Be age 60 or older. Meet Medicaid financial eligibility requirements. Be assessed as requiring nursing facility level of care (through the functional assessment). Live in a qualifying community setting. Covered services under the PDA Waiver may include personal care assistance, home-delivered meals, homemaker services, personal emergency response systems, respite care, adult day services, minor home modifications, and transportation. Like CHC, the PDA Waiver emphasizes managing ADL and IADL needs to keep participants safely in their homes.Participant-Directed ServicesBoth CHC and the PDA Waiver offer Participant-Directed Services, which empower participants to choose and manage their own caregivers, including family members, friends, or neighbors. Under this model, participants develop a service plan with guidance from a care coordinator, set schedules, and handle payroll tasks. This flexibility helps ensure that personal care and IADL support align with participants preferences and routines.Signs That Your Loved One May QualifyBelow are practical indicators that someone may be eligible for Pennsylvanias CHC or PDA Waiver due to difficulty with ADLs and IADLs: Trouble with Personal Care: Skipping showers, unkempt hair, or wearing dirty clothes may indicate difficulties with bathing and dressing (ADLs). Malnutrition or Weight Loss: An empty fridge or significant weight loss suggests issues with meal prep or feeding oneself (ADLs/IADLs). Mobility Decline and Falls: Struggling to walk without assistance, needing help to stand, or experiencing frequent falls signals reduced mobility (ADL: transferring/ambulating). Medication Errors and Memory Problems: Missing doses, mixing up pills, or forgetting appointments point to challenges with medication management and scheduling (IADLs). Household Neglect: Piles of mail, unpaid bills, or a cluttered home reflect trouble with housekeeping and money management (IADLs). A combination of needing help with several ADLslike bathing and toiletingand difficulties with IADLssuch as meal prep and housekeepingstrongly indicates a nursing facility level of care. Document these challenges for the functional assessment to demonstrate eligibility.Were Here to Help: Next Steps and Contact InformationNavigating Pennsylvanias Medicaid waiver programs can be complex, but you dont have to go it alone. At Passion to Care, we specialize in guiding Pennsylvania families through the CHC and PDA Waiver application processesfrom the initial functional assessment of ADLs and IADLs to completing paperwork and coordinating services once approved. If you notice your loved one struggling with daily tasks or if a professional has recommended nursing facility care, it may be time to explore CHC or the PDA Waiver. Our compassionate, family-first team ensures your loved ones needs are met with dignity and respect. Call us or contact us today to learn how to get started with Pennsylvanias Medicaid waivers for home and community-based services.
As you get older, health screenings and checkups become a more vital part of your overall well-being. Knowing which screenings to get after 50, and how often, will support early detection and effective treatment, while also helping you stay proactive about your health. To make being proactive even easier, weve created a handy preventive care guide filled with quick health tips and the information you need to stay on top of your health screenings. Click below to download your free health screening guide today -https://transformingage.org/mastering-your-health-after-50/- Call us today to learn more 720-505-5133.
As a trusted leader in personal safety and medical alert systems, Medical Guardian has been empowering seniors and their families for over two decades. With a mission to provide safety, security, and peace of mind, Medical Guardian offers state-of-the-art solutions that enable seniors to maintain independence while staying connected to immediate help whenever needed.Who We AreFounded on the belief that everyone deserves to feel safe at home and on the go, Medical Guardian has grown into one of the most recognized names in the personal emergency response industry. With a focus on innovation, accessibility, and reliability, we are committed to delivering products and services that enhance the quality of life for seniors nationwide.Our Solutions: Tailored for Every LifestyleMedical Guardian understands that no two lifestyles are the same, which is why we provide a wide range of medical alert systems to meet unique needs. From home-based devices to on-the-go wearable technology, our solutions are designed to fit seamlessly into daily life. Key offerings include:In-Home Medical Alert SystemsPerfect for seniors who spend most of their time at home, these systems provide 24/7 monitoring through easy-to-use base stations and wearable help buttons. With features like fall detection and two-way communication, help is always just a button press away.Mobile Medical Alert SystemsFor active seniors, our mobile systems offer GPS tracking and nationwide coverage, ensuring safety wherever life takes you. These portable devices are lightweight and discreet, providing peace of mind without compromising mobility.Wearable TechnologyCombining functionality with style, our wearable devices include medical alert watches and pendants equipped with cutting-edge technology. These devices are not only lifesaving tools but also fashionable accessories that integrate seamlessly into any wardrobe.Fall Detection TechnologyFalls are one of the leading causes of injury among seniors. Medical Guardians advanced fall detection sensors can automatically alert our monitoring center in case of a fall, even if the user is unable to press the button.Caregiver ToolsMedical Guardians products are complemented by innovative caregiver tools, such as activity tracking and location monitoring, to keep loved ones informed and reassured.PERS Solutions for Senior Living CommunitiesMedical Guardian proudly partners with senior living communities to provide Personal Emergency Response Systems (PERS) tailored specifically to the unique needs of Affordable Housing, Independent Living, and Assisted Living environments.Our solutions are designed to increase resident safety, empower staff with reliable tools, and deliver added value to your community. By integrating Medical Guardians systems, senior living communities can enhance their reputation as safety-focused environments while offering peace of mind to residents and their families.With flexible plans, seamless integration, and ongoing support, Medical Guardian makes it easy for senior living operators to implement top-tier safety solutions for their residents.Commitment to ExcellenceAt Medical Guardian, safety is more than a productits a promise. Our U.S.-based monitoring centers are staffed by highly trained professionals who are ready to respond within seconds of an alert. With multiple monitoring centers, we ensure redundancy and reliability, so no call goes unanswered.Each product undergoes rigorous testing to meet the highest standards of quality and performance. Additionally, our customer care team is available to guide families and senior living communities through every step, from choosing the right device to troubleshooting and technical support.Why Choose Medical Guardian?National Reach, Local Care: While Medical Guardian serves clients nationwide, our services are personalized to meet the needs of each individual and their community.Proactive Safety Solutions: Our devices go beyond emergency response, offering proactive monitoring and tools that support overall well-being.Affordable Plans: We believe safety should be accessible to everyone, which is why we provide flexible and affordable plans without hidden fees.Trusted by Millions: With thousands of 5-star reviews and endorsements from leading senior-focused organizations, Medical Guardian is a name families and communities can rely on.Empowering IndependenceSeniors face many challenges as they age, but losing independence doesnt have to be one of them. Medical Guardians medical alert systems are designed to empower seniors to live life on their terms, with the freedom to pursue their passions and the confidence that help is always within reach.Whether youre a senior seeking greater independence, a caregiver looking for peace of mind, or a senior living community exploring safety solutions, Medical Guardian is here to support you every step of the way.For more information, visit MedicalGuardian.com or call 1-800-734-2092 to speak with a representative.
As a trusted leader in personal safety and medical alert systems, Medical Guardian has been empowering seniors and their families for over two decades. With a mission to provide safety, security, and peace of mind, Medical Guardian offers state-of-the-art solutions that enable seniors to maintain independence while staying connected to immediate help whenever needed.Who We AreFounded on the belief that everyone deserves to feel safe at home and on the go, Medical Guardian has grown into one of the most recognized names in the personal emergency response industry. With a focus on innovation, accessibility, and reliability, we are committed to delivering products and services that enhance the quality of life for seniors nationwide.Our Solutions: Tailored for Every LifestyleMedical Guardian understands that no two lifestyles are the same, which is why we provide a wide range of medical alert systems to meet unique needs. From home-based devices to on-the-go wearable technology, our solutions are designed to fit seamlessly into daily life. Key offerings include:In-Home Medical Alert SystemsPerfect for seniors who spend most of their time at home, these systems provide 24/7 monitoring through easy-to-use base stations and wearable help buttons. With features like fall detection and two-way communication, help is always just a button press away.Mobile Medical Alert SystemsFor active seniors, our mobile systems offer GPS tracking and nationwide coverage, ensuring safety wherever life takes you. These portable devices are lightweight and discreet, providing peace of mind without compromising mobility.Wearable TechnologyCombining functionality with style, our wearable devices include medical alert watches and pendants equipped with cutting-edge technology. These devices are not only lifesaving tools but also fashionable accessories that integrate seamlessly into any wardrobe.Fall Detection TechnologyFalls are one of the leading causes of injury among seniors. Medical Guardians advanced fall detection sensors can automatically alert our monitoring center in case of a fall, even if the user is unable to press the button.Caregiver ToolsMedical Guardians products are complemented by innovative caregiver tools, such as activity tracking and location monitoring, to keep loved ones informed and reassured.PERS Solutions for Senior Living CommunitiesMedical Guardian proudly partners with senior living communities to provide Personal Emergency Response Systems (PERS) tailored specifically to the unique needs of Affordable Housing, Independent Living, and Assisted Living environments.Our solutions are designed to increase resident safety, empower staff with reliable tools, and deliver added value to your community. By integrating Medical Guardians systems, senior living communities can enhance their reputation as safety-focused environments while offering peace of mind to residents and their families.With flexible plans, seamless integration, and ongoing support, Medical Guardian makes it easy for senior living operators to implement top-tier safety solutions for their residents.Commitment to ExcellenceAt Medical Guardian, safety is more than a productits a promise. Our U.S.-based monitoring centers are staffed by highly trained professionals who are ready to respond within seconds of an alert. With multiple monitoring centers, we ensure redundancy and reliability, so no call goes unanswered.Each product undergoes rigorous testing to meet the highest standards of quality and performance. Additionally, our customer care team is available to guide families and senior living communities through every step, from choosing the right device to troubleshooting and technical support.Why Choose Medical Guardian?National Reach, Local Care: While Medical Guardian serves clients nationwide, our services are personalized to meet the needs of each individual and their community.Proactive Safety Solutions: Our devices go beyond emergency response, offering proactive monitoring and tools that support overall well-being.Affordable Plans: We believe safety should be accessible to everyone, which is why we provide flexible and affordable plans without hidden fees.Trusted by Millions: With thousands of 5-star reviews and endorsements from leading senior-focused organizations, Medical Guardian is a name families and communities can rely on.Empowering IndependenceSeniors face many challenges as they age, but losing independence doesnt have to be one of them. Medical Guardians medical alert systems are designed to empower seniors to live life on their terms, with the freedom to pursue their passions and the confidence that help is always within reach.Whether youre a senior seeking greater independence, a caregiver looking for peace of mind, or a senior living community exploring safety solutions, Medical Guardian is here to support you every step of the way.For more information, visit MedicalGuardian.com or call 1-800-734-2092 to speak with a representative.