What Causes Alzheimer's Disease - Types 1, 2 & 1.5

As we age, maintaining cognitive health becomes increasingly important. Research shows that engaging in stimulating activities can help preserve mental acuity and potentially delay the onset of cognitive decline. 1,2Brain Training Strategies - Keeping your brain active involves a multifaceted approach:Cognitive Exercises Play challenging games like Sudoku, crossword puzzles, and chess Try memory-building activities like memorizing to-do lists Learn a new language or musical instrument Take classes at local community centers1 Lifestyle Modifications Change routine activities to challenge your brain Read instructional books Try new hobbies and crafts Engage in creative activities2 The Science Behind Brain HealthResearchers emphasize that brain training is not a guaranteed prevention for dementia, but it can be beneficial. The Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly (ACTIVE) study demonstrated that targeted brain training can help seniors maintain mental skills.2Physical Activity and Cognitive Function - Physical exercise plays a crucial role in brain health. Studies have shown that:         Regular physical activity can benefit cognition across the lifespan3         Older adults with higher levels of physical activity experience slower cognitive decline4Holistic Approach to Brain Health - Experts recommend a comprehensive strategy:         Maintain a healthy diet         Get adequate sleep         Manage stress         Stay socially active         Follow medical advice for existing conditions1 Promising ResearchOngoing studies are exploring "cognitive super-agers" - individuals in their 80s and 90s who maintain exceptional mental performance. Researchers hope to uncover strategies that can help others prevent age-related cognitive decline4 Key TakeawayWhile there's no guaranteed method to prevent all forms of cognitive decline, staying mentally and physically active can significantly contribute to maintaining brain health as we age. The most important factor is to remain engaged, curious, and proactive about your cognitive well-being.References:1 - Brain Training for Seniors - familydoctor.org2 - Brain Exercises: Can They Help Older Adults? 3 - Physical Activity, Aging and Brain Health4 - How the Aging Brain Affects Thinking | National Institute onAging Editors Note: This article was submitted by Craig Luzinski, CEO of Hover Senior Living Community. For more information, please call Hover Senior Living Community at 303-772-9292.

In the past we have talked about and broken Alzheimer's down into multiple types.  They are:Type 1Type 1s primary characteristic is inflammation. Type 2Type 2s primary characteristics are low levels of nutrients, hormone factors, and/or trophic factors. Type 1.5Type 1.5s primary characteristic is insulin resistance (DIABETES)Here is the link if you would like to go back and read that:  https://alzheimerssurvivor.com/blogs/what-is-an-alzheimers-survivor/what-causes-alzheimers-diseaseAs we begin this weeks discussion, I want to remind you that Alzheimers Disease is not a single symptom.  Years of research show that you cannot point to one single trait as the single cause of Alzheimers Disease.  According to Dr. Dale Bredesen, people with Alzheimers Disease suffer from multiple insults for 20 - 30 years before developing Alzheimers. However, when you research what causes Alzheimers disease, most will tell you Alzheimers is a disease triggered by old age. Explaining that only people over 65 have Alzheimers Disease.   When in reality, the most common person diagnosed withAlzheimers Disease in 2024 is a 52-YEAR-OLD FEMALE!Most people slowly develop Alzheimers Disease over 20 30 years. While symptoms will become apparent in a person in their 40s & 50s, the disease began when they were 22 32. What triggers Alzheimers Disease to start to develop at this age? Usually, an unhealthy lifestyle!  Such as eating too much junk food, eating fast food, not managing their weight, & developing insulin resistance. Recently, we broke Alzheimers Disease down into 5 different categories.  As I said then, I find it easier to differentiate the types and symptoms to address what caused it.  Here is a brief recap:Type 1Type 1s primary characteristic is inflammation. Type 2Type 2s primary characteristics are low levels of nutrients, hormone factors, and/or trophic factors. Type 1.5Type 1.5s primary characteristic is insulin resistance (diabetesType 3Type 3s primary characteristic is exposure to toxins.Type 4Type 4s primary characteristic is low blood flow to the brain.Type 5Type 5s primary characteristic is brain damage.This week we will review what causes Alzheimers Disease in Type 3, Type 4 & Type 5 Alzheimers Disease._______________________TYPE 3Type 3s primary characteristic is exposure to toxins. What causes toxic Alzheimers?Today toxins are everywhere. There are heavy metals in our food, mold in our houses, toxic substances in our plastic, and pollutants in the air. If you live in the US, toxin exposure is a fact of life. While these toxins certainly are not good for us, our bodies are capable of removing these substances. This is known as detoxification. It becomes a problem when more toxins are entering our bodies than we can remove, or when our bodys detoxification system is unequipped to detoxify a given substance. When this occurs for some people, they begin to develop a subtype of Alzheimers disease known as toxic Alzheimers. The most common contributors to toxic Alzheimers are as follows: MycotoxinsMycotoxins are a class of toxic chemicals secreted from certain types of molds. Some of the most well-documented mycotoxins include aflatoxin, ochratoxin, fumonisin, gliotoxins, and trichothecenes. These toxins are capable of disrupting neurotransmitter synthesis, depleting the bodys antioxidant reserve, impairing the blood brain barrier integrity, and even killing brain cells. Altogether, a heavy burden of mycotoxins can contribute to the onset of toxic Alzheimer's disease. Heavy MetalsHeavy metals are another source of chemical toxicants that can contribute to Alzheimers. The most common neurotoxic chemicals are lead, mercury, and arsenic. While we are still waiting on further research to clarify the role of heavy metals in Alzheimers Disease, this is what we know:Lead - Lead is a heavy metal that readily passes through the blood brain barrier to cause direct damage to the brain. The result of lead toxicity is neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neurodegeneration. Mercury - Mercury disrupts the bodys natural antioxidant system and causes an accumulation of reactive oxygen species. These are destructive molecules that damage the DNA and cause all sorts of issues. In the case of Alzheimer's, mercury builds up in the brain and contributes to memory loss and personality changes.Arsenic - Arsenic is a heavy metal found in the soil, air, and contaminated water. Arsenic travels through the blood and enters into various organ tissues where it stays. In the brain, arsenic disrupts the metabolism of brain cells called astrocytes. This metabolic disruption causes impairment to the central nervous system.Other ToxinsThere are many other toxins that we are exposed to in our modern world. Many of these are found in plastic products, such as bisphenol-A (BPA). Other sources include herbicides and pesticides used in agriculture. What are the signs and symptoms of toxic Alzheimers?Toxic Alzheimers can be one of the hardest subtypes to diagnose. This is because different toxins affect the brain in different ways. For this reason, it is important to understand all signs and symptoms that may lead to a diagnosis. The following signs and symptoms are as outlined by Dr. Dale Bredesen as a part of the Bredesen Protocol in the book The End of Alzheimers.Symptoms begin before age 65Usually ApoE4 negativeNo family history, or family history with symptoms beginning only at ages much older than the patientsSymptoms often occur around the time of menopause or andropause.Depression precedes or accompanies cognitive declineHeadache is an early symptom, and sometimes the first.Typical symptoms include executive function deficits (planning, problem solving, organizing, focusing), inability to manipulate numbers/perform calculations, trouble speaking or loss of speech, problems with visual perception, or problems with learned programs such as dressing.Increased stress (e.g., loss of employment, divorce, family change) and sleep loss.Exposure to mycotoxins or metals (e.g., inorganic mercury via amalgams, or organic mercury via fish) or bothDiagnosis of CIRS (chronic inflammatory response syndrome) with cognitive declineImaging suggests brain changes not seen in most cases of AlzheimersTYPE 4Type 4s primary characteristic is low blood flow to the brain.Type 4 or Vascular AD, is caused by a reduction of blood flow to the brain, which ultimately deprives the brain of essential oxygen and nutrients. The brain is an extremely vascularized tissue, meaning it requires large amounts of oxygen. A lack of oxygen to the brain leads to hypoperfusion (low blood flow) and compromises the blood-brain barrier which allows for harmful substances to leak in and damage neurons. Cerebral vasculature is extremely important as it is one way the body clears the accumulation of amyloid-beta.CHARACTERISTICS & BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS OF TYPE 4Leakiness present in vascular tissues.Individuals with cardiovascular disease have a high risk for Type 4 Alzheimers.These individuals do best when they prioritize healing underlying insulin resistance.CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTHMost people think of cardiovascular health, they only think about the heart.  However cardiovascular health extends to the entire body, including the brain. Vascular disease typically manifests in the brain as inflammation of the blood vessel lining. This inflammation has a series of negative effects such as activating the immune cells of the brain and reducing overall blood flow. Both of these are known contributors to the progression of Alzheimers and can increase the amount of amyloid plaque in the brain.  For this reason, there is a large crossover between the presence of cardiovascular disease and vascular Alzheimers. BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER INTEGRITYThe blood brain barrier often breaks down in those with Alzheimers disease. The blood brain barrier is the lining of the blood vessels around the brain that gives the brain an extra level of protection from bloodborne pathogens, & toxins. Since the blood brain barrier is so selective with what is and is not allowed to pass through, it can be a big deal when the structural integrity begins to degrade. Things that are not supposed to get into the brain begin to leak in. Nutrients that require an intact blood brain barrier to enter can no longer get in. This is why nutrients like omega-3 tend to be lower in those with blood brain barrier integrity issues. Cardiovascular health appears to play a large role in blood brain barrier breakdown with a positive ApoE4 status being highly correlated with vascular Alzheimers. TYPE 5Type 5s primary characteristic is brain damage.Traumatic brain injuries can contribute to the development of Alzheimers disease. While it is different for each person, the consequences of these injuries may extend long after the initial symptoms subside. Traumatic Alzheimers is the fifth subtype of Alzheimers disease and is characterized by a history of head trauma.  Often leading to an earlier onset of Alzheimers disease. While not all head injuries lead to Alzheimers, traumatic Alzheimers symptoms usually do not appear until many years or decades after the traumatic event. Causes of Traumatic AlzheimersThe categorization of traumatic Alzheimer's disease came about after recognizing that the majority of people who suffered a mild to moderate traumatic brain injury during their lives had plaque in their brain upon autopsy, regardless of the cause of death.Early research is beginning to explain how traumatic Alzheimers works, and how we can treat it. It appears that experiencing a traumatic brain injury causes acute stress to the brain and surrounding vasculature. Whether this is a one-time injury from an accident or a repeated trauma from playing sports, the brain becomes inflamed and the integrity of the blood-brain barrier begins to break down. While this reaction may subside in some people, it appears to kick-start the pathology of Alzheimer's disease in others. These are typically people who have an ApoE4 allele or have a predisposition towards inflammatory Alzheimer's disease or vascular Alzheimer's disease. For these people, a traumatic brain injury may expedite the onset of Alzheimer's Disease by years. When this occurs, the condition is classified as traumatic Alzheimer's disease. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF TRAUMATIC ALZHEIMERSSigns and symptoms of traumatic Alzheimers will vary heavily from one person to the next. The most obvious sign would be a history of one or more traumatic brain injuries. Other than that, the signs and symptoms would depend on whether the brain injury is vascular or inflammatory. MISSIONThe primary mission of Alzheimers Survivor is to communicate to everyone that there are treatments available for people experiencing Alzheimers Disease. There are Research solutions available for every stage of the diseaseThere are FDA-approved pharmaceuticals for every stage of the diseaseThere are Integrative Medicine solutions available for every stage of the diseaseGone are the days when there was nothing you could do to treat Alzheimers Disease. It is up to each individual and their family to decide what option best fits your need. Next week, we will begin to discuss treatments that are available to treat Alzheimers Disease.Here are the links to purchase the books on Amazon and the link to Dr. Bredesens website.THE END OF ALZHEIMERS 2 BOOKS COLLECTION SET BY DALE BREDESEN PAPERBACK OCTOBER 26, 2023LINK:https://amzn.to/462LcY3The End of Alzheimer's Program: The First Protocol to Enhance Cognition and Reverse Decline at AnyAge Paperback September 6, 2022LINK:https://amzn.to/3xNcrctDr. Bredesens WebsiteLINK: https://www.apollohealthco.com/

The integration of purposeful physical activities in brain injury rehabilitation plays a pivotal role in fostering recovery and enhancing cognitive functions. This article looks at the evidence-based techniques and scientific principles underpinning brain injury rehabilitation, shedding light on the specific physical activities that have shown efficacy in aiding brain injury recovery.By exploring the intersection of physical activities and brain injury rehabilitation, we aim to highlight the innovative approaches that contribute to effective recovery and empower individuals undergoing rehabilitation.TAILORED PHYSICAL REHABILITATION EXERCISES FOR EFFECTIVE RECOVERYIn brain injury rehabilitation, the incorporation of tailored physical exercises stands as a cornerstone in empowering individuals and facilitating effective recovery. By focusing on personalized physical activities, rehabilitation programs can address the specific needs of each individual, promoting targeted progress and overall well-being. This tailored approach not only enhances physical strength and mobility but also plays a crucial role in cognitive and emotional rehabilitation.Importance of Individualized Physical ActivitiesTailored physical exercises cater to the unique challenges and goals of each individual undergoing brain injury rehabilitation. These activities are designed to address specific cognitive and physical impairments, promoting targeted recovery and functional independence. By customizing physical exercises, rehabilitation programs can adapt to the evolving needs of individuals, ensuring a dynamic and responsive approach to recovery.Empowerment Through Purposeful EngagementTailored physical activities empower individuals by providing a sense of agency and control over their rehabilitation journey. Engaging in personalized exercises fosters a positive and proactive mindset, contributing to a holistic approach to recovery. The individualized nature of these activities promotes a sense of ownership and motivation, driving individuals to actively participate in their rehabilitation process.In essence, the role of physical activities in brain injury rehabilitation extends beyond mere physical rehabilitation; it encompasses a personalized and purposeful approach that empowers individuals to navigate their recovery journey with resilience and determination.HARNESSING NEUROPLASTICITY FOR RECOVERYNeuroplasticity, the brain's remarkable ability to reorganize and form new neural connections, plays a pivotal role in brain injury rehabilitation. Specific physical activities can leverage neuroplasticity to promote recovery and enhance cognitive functions in individuals with brain injuries, offering a pathway to regain lost abilities and adapt to new challenges.Adapting to Neural Changes Through Physical ActivitiesNeuroplasticity allows the brain to adapt and rewire itself in response to learning, experience, and injury. Tailored physical exercises capitalize on neuroplasticity, facilitating the formation of new neural pathways to compensate for damaged areas of the brain. By engaging in purposeful physical activities, individuals can harness neuroplasticity to enhance cognitive functions, such as memory, attention, and problem-solving skills.Promoting Functional Recovery and AdaptationThe plastic nature of the brain enables individuals to regain lost functions and develop compensatory strategies through targeted physical activities. Physical exercises that challenge and stimulate the brain contribute to functional recovery and adaptation, fostering resilience in the face of cognitive impairments. Harnessing neuroplasticity through purposeful physical activities offers a pathway for individuals to adapt to their evolving cognition, promoting independence and quality of life.Understanding and leveraging neuroplasticity through tailored physical activities provides a foundation for promoting recovery and enhancing cognitive functions in individuals undergoing brain injury rehabilitation. By embracing the adaptive potential of the brain, rehabilitation programs can offer a proactive and empowering approach to recovery.PERSONALIZED AND ENGAGING PHYSICAL REHABILITATION ACTIVITIESThe practical implementation of purposeful physical activities is paramount to fostering independence and enhancing the quality of life for individuals undergoing rehabilitation. By incorporating personalized and engaging physical exercises into rehabilitation programs, a supportive and empowering environment can be cultivated, promoting holistic well-being and functional progress.Tailoring Activities to Individual NeedsRehabilitation programs customize physical activities to address the unique cognitive and physical challenges faced by each individual. Personalized exercises are designed to align with the specific goals and capabilities of the individual, ensuring targeted and meaningful engagement. By tailoring activities to individual needs, rehabilitation programs can create a supportive and inclusive environment that nurtures progress and independence.Fostering Independence and Well-beingEngaging in purposeful physical activities empowers individuals to actively participate in their rehabilitation journey, fostering a sense of autonomy and accomplishment. Personalized and engaging exercises contribute to a positive and fulfilling rehabilitation experience, promoting emotional well-being and a sense of purpose.The incorporation of purposeful physical activities into rehabilitation programs fosters a supportive and inclusive environment, where individuals can thrive and make meaningful strides in their recovery journey.The integration of personalized and engaging physical exercises within rehabilitation programs serves as a catalyst for promoting independence, resilience, and overall well-being for individuals undergoing brain injury rehabilitation. By embracing a tailored and purposeful approach, rehabilitation programs can create an environment where individuals feel empowered and supported in their journey toward recovery.TAILORED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PLANS FOR HOLISTIC RECOVERYThe development of personalized physical activity plans tailored to individuals undergoing brain injury rehabilitation is instrumental in promoting recovery and enhancing overall well-being. These personalized plans are designed to address the specific needs and goals of each individual, fostering a proactive and targeted approach to rehabilitation.Customizing Plans for Targeted ProgressPersonalized physical activity plans are tailored to align with the unique cognitive and physical requirements of individuals undergoing brain injury rehabilitation. These plans are developed in collaboration with healthcare professionals, ensuring that they cater to the specific goals and capabilities of each individual. By customizing activity plans, rehabilitation programs can promote targeted progress, functional independence, and overall well-being for individuals on their recovery journey.Enhancing Overall Well-being and Quality of LifePersonalized physical activity plans contribute to a holistic approach to recovery, addressing not only physical rehabilitation but also emotional well-being and cognitive enhancement. These plans are designed to engage individuals in purposeful and meaningful activities, fostering a sense of fulfillment and purpose during the rehabilitation process. By enhancing overall well-being and quality of life, personalized physical activity plans play a pivotal role in empowering individuals to navigate their recovery journey with resilience and determination.The development of personalized activity plans within brain injury rehabilitation programs offers a proactive and targeted approach to recovery, promoting holistic well-being and functional progress for individuals undergoing rehabilitation. By embracing a tailored and purposeful strategy, these plans empower individuals to actively participate in their recovery journey and make meaningful strides toward independence and overall well-being.The integration of purposeful activities within brain injury rehabilitation programs stands as a cornerstone in fostering recovery, promoting independence, and enhancing overall well-being for individuals undergoing rehabilitation. By leveraging tailored physical exercises and personalized activity plans, rehabilitation programs can create a supportive and empowering environment that nurtures progress and resilience.