For more information about the author, click to view their website: Oasis Senior Advisors of Salt Lake City
Senior care conversations often assume that adult children
will assist as the senior ages. Yet, this isn’t always an option. Many people
need to plan for care without relying on family at all.
Thankfully, aging on your own is entirely possible. Senior
care systems are increasingly recognizing this pattern and helping support
independent aging.
When you’re aging on your own, planning becomes crucial. You
need to put systems in place as early as possible, then refine plans as things
change. The tips in this article will guide you along the way.
Why some seniors don’t rely on family for future care
There are many reasons for not relying on family members for
future care. Sometimes this is as simple as not having any children or close
relatives. Other times, your family may not be able to help. Perhaps they live
in a different state or even a different country. They may also lack the
capacity due to their own responsibilities, health, or other factors. After
all, life can be pretty overwhelming at times, and even those who care may not
have much to give.
Some seniors simply want to do things on their own. Doing so
reduces the burden on loved ones and can be the best option if there are any
difficult or estranged relationships.
Risks of not planning ahead
Without planning, you risk having to make big decisions in
the middle of a crisis. In those situations, your resources, attention, and
options are often limited, and you might not get the solution you want.
There are also cases where you can’t make decisions for
yourself, like if you’re in a coma or in the later stages of dementia. Someone
then needs to make decisions on your behalf. Without the right paperwork, the
person and the decisions might not be what you hope for at all.
In practice, lack of planning could leave you in assisted
living when you want to age at home or mean you’re kept alive with
interventions you never would have chosen.
The following three sections highlight the main approaches
to take when planning ahead for your own senior care.
Set up legal decision-making documents
Certain legal documents are used to express your
wishes and ensure the right people are making decisions for you.
Crucial documents include:
Plan for housing and care needs
The various housing and senior care options can seem
overwhelming at first. However, a little research and planning now can make a
world of difference when care needs become significant.
Here are the main options to consider when planning where to
live as you age.
Aging in place
Many older adults wish to continue living in their own homes as they age. While being
fully independent is possible for some, it can become difficult as physical
abilities, health, and cognition decline. To age in place, you might need to
rely on external support, such as:
It’s also important to stay socially connected when living
independently. Doing so is crucial for well-being and means there’s someone
around to notice any health declines that you might miss.
Still, even with support, aging in place can become
unrealistic for some. It’s worth considering other options early and looking
for signs that it’s time to move to a senior care facility.
Independent living
Independent living communities are designed for older
adults who do not need daily hands-on care but want a simpler, more supportive
lifestyle. They often include private apartments or cottages, along with
features like dining options, housekeeping, transportation, social activities, and
maintenance-free living. Some are stand-alone communities while others are part
of larger senior living campuses that also offer assisted living, memory care,
or nursing care.
This option can work well if you want more convenience, more
opportunities for connection, and fewer responsibilities at home while still
maintaining a high level of independence. Planning ahead gives you time to
compare communities, think about what services and amenities matter most, and
decide whether a stand-alone independent living setting or a larger community
with higher levels of care would be a better long-term fit.
Assisted living
Assisted living provides support with activities of daily living, such as bathing and eating.
These communities have other benefits, too, including
engagement and connection, prepared meals, transportation, planned activities,
and various amenities. In fact, most of the things you need are close at hand,
which can make a huge difference in a senior’s daily life.
Planning gives you the chance to research communities,
decide which ones you might like, and talk to them about the future.
Nursing homes
Nursing homes provide a higher level of support for
older adults who need ongoing medical supervision as well as help with daily
living. In addition to assistance with tasks like bathing, dressing, and
mobility, they also have licensed staff available to manage more complex health
needs.
This setting may be necessary if you have serious medical
concerns, substantial physical limitations, or a condition that is likely to
require close monitoring over time. Planning ahead gives you a chance to learn
how nursing homes differ from other senior care options, consider what level of
medical support you may need in the future, and identify communities that would
be a reasonable fit if that level of care ever becomes necessary.
Continuing care retirement communities (CCRCs)
Continuing care retirement communities provide a
continuum of care from independent living to skilled nursing care, so you can
simply move within the community as your care needs change. The result is
smaller transitions, a familiar environment, and increased financial
predictability.
However, CCRCs are expensive, and it’s best to enter them
when you’re still healthy. As such, they’re not the best choice for everyone.
Questions to ask yourself about future care
Differences between care environments aren’t the only things
to consider. You also need to think about what matters to you. Here are some
questions to consider as you plan for senior care:
Organize your finances
Not relying on family when planning for senior care means
you may need to rely more heavily on paid services, making aging more
expensive. What’s more, there’s limited financial support for long-term
nonmedical care.
Many costs must be paid privately using a combination of
personal savings, investments, pensions, and proceeds from asset sales. Medicaid and Veterans benefits are sometimes relevant
if you meet the criteria. Long-term care insurance can also be helpful. However,
this needs to be purchased early, before you have any significant
diagnoses.
Here are some crucial tips for keeping your finances
organized when planning for senior care.
Oasis can help you plan for future senior care needs
Planning for senior care without relying on family can feel
like a lot to carry on your own, but with the right legal documents, financial
planning, and a thoughtful approach to future housing and care, you can create
a path that gives you more stability, more choice, and more peace of mind.
Oasis Senior Advisors can help you think through your options and prepare for what may come next. Whether you are exploring independent living, assisted living, memory care, or nursing homes, an Oasis advisor can help you understand the differences, narrow down the right fit, and make a plan that supports your goals for the future.
Downsizing or Selling Your Home in Retirement: Tax Implications to KnowSelling the family home is one of the biggest financial decisions many people make in retirement whether you're downsizing something smaller, moving closer to family, or relocating somewhere warmer. Before you list the house, it's worth understanding how the sale could affect your taxes.The Good News: Most Home Sellers Owe Little or No TaxUnder federal tax law, homeowners can exclude a significant amount of profit from capital gains tax when they sell a primary residence: Up to $250,000 in gain excluded for single filers Up to $500,000 in gain excluded for married couples filing jointly These limits have stayed the same since 1997 they aren't adjusted for inflation but for most sellers, especially those who haven't owned an especially high-value home for decades, they're enough to eliminate the tax bill entirely.Do You Qualify for the Full Exclusion?To claim the exclusion, you generally need to pass two tests: Ownership test: You owned the home for at least 2 years during the 5-year period before the sale. Use test: You lived in the home as your primary residence for at least 2 years during that same 5-year period. For married couples claiming the full $500,000 exclusion, both spouses need to meet the use test, though only one spouse needs to meet the ownership test. If only one spouse meets the use test, the exclusion drops to $250,000.If you don't fully meet the two-year requirements but had to sell due to a job change, health issue, divorce, or similar unforeseen circumstance, you may still qualify for a partial exclusion.How Your Gain Is Actually CalculatedThis is where record-keeping pays off. Your taxable gain isn't your sale price it's your sale price minus your cost basis, which includes: What you originally paid for the home The cost of qualifying capital improvements over the years (a new roof, an addition, major renovations not routine repairs or maintenance) Selling costs, such as agent commissions Every dollar documented improvement raises your basis and lowers your taxable gain. If you've owned your home for decades, digging up old receipts and records for major projects can make a meaningful difference sometimes the difference between owing tax and owing nothing at all.What Happens If Your Gain Exceeds the ExclusionIf your profit is larger than your exclusion amount, the excess is taxed as a long-term capital gain (assuming you owned the home more than a year), generally at 0%, 15%, or 20% depending on your overall taxable income. For higher-income sellers, an additional 3.8% Net Investment Income Tax may also apply above certain income thresholds. This is more common than it used to be for retirees who've owned a home for many years in an area where property values have risen substantially.A Few Other Situations Worth Knowing Home office deductions: If you claimed depreciation on a home office in past years, that portion is generally "recaptured" and taxed differently when you sell, separate from the main exclusion. Selling a second home or rental property: The primary residence exclusion generally doesn't apply to vacation homes or rental properties. Different rules, including possible depreciation recapture, come into play. Inherited homes: If you're selling a home you inherited, the property typically receives a stepped-up basis to its fair market value at the time of the original owner's death which can significantly reduce or eliminate taxable gain compared to using the original purchase price. Using the exclusion more than once: The exclusion isn't a one-time benefit. You can generally use it again for a future home sale, as long as you meet the ownership and use tests again and haven't claimed it on another sale within the prior two years. Why Planning Ahead MattersThe tax side of selling a home is often simpler than people expect, especially with the exclusion in play but assumptions can be costly in either direction. Some retirees overestimate their tax exposure and hesitate to sell when they'd actually owe little or nothing. Others underestimate it, especially with a long-held, appreciated home, and are surprised by a gain above the exclusion. Reviewing your specific numbers before you list the home, rather than after the sale closes, gives you room to plan.Thinking about downsizing or selling a home in retirement? Contact Zunic Advisory Services to walk through what the sale could mean for your taxes.
Required Minimum Distributions Explained: What Seniors Need to Know Each YearIf you have a traditional IRA, 401(k), or similar tax-deferred retirement account, the IRS eventually requires you to start withdrawing money from it whether you need the cash or not. These withdrawals are called Required Minimum Distributions, or RMDs, and getting them wrong can be costly. Here's what to know.What Is an RMD?An RMD is the minimum amount you're required to withdraw each year from certain retirement accounts once you reach a specific age. The rule exists because these accounts let your money grow tax-deferred for decades the IRS eventually wants its share, so it requires withdrawals (which are taxed as ordinary income) to begin at a set point.RMDs generally apply to: Traditional IRAs SEP and SIMPLE IRAs 401(k), 403(b), and most other employer-sponsored retirement plans RMDs do not apply to Roth IRAs during the original owner's lifetime, and as of 2024, Roth 401(k) and Roth 403(b) accounts no longer require RMDs either.What Age Do RMDs Start?The starting age has changed more than once in recent years under the SECURE Act and SECURE 2.0, so its worth checking which rule applies to you based on your birth year: Born 1950 or earlier: RMD age is 73 Born 19511959: RMD age is 73 Born 1960 or later: RMD age is 75 Because the rules phased in over several years, it's easy to be working from outdated information especially if you read something a few years ago. When in doubt, confirm your specific required beginning age rather than assuming.The First-Year Deadline Is a Little DifferentYour very first RMD comes with a special option: you can delay it until April 1 of the year after you reach your RMD age, rather than taking it by December 31 of the year you turn that age.The catch: if you delay that first withdrawal, you'll need to take two RMDs in that same calendar year the delayed one and the current year's which can push you into a higher tax bracket. For many people, taking the first RMD by December 31 of the year they reach RMD age, rather than waiting, actually results in a smoother tax picture.After your first RMD, all future ones are due by December 31 each year.How Is Your RMD Calculated?Your RMD is based on your account balance as of December 31 of the prior year, divided by a life expectancy factor from an IRS table (most people use the Uniform Lifetime Table). The result is your required withdrawal for the year. If you have multiple IRAs, you calculate the RMD for each one separately but can withdraw the total from any single IRA or combination of them. 401(k) accounts generally don't allow that same flexibility each 401(k) typically requires its own withdrawal.What Happens If You Miss One?Missing an RMD, or withdrawing less than required, comes with a real penalty: a 25% excise tax on the amount you should have withdrawn but didn't. That penalty can be reduced to 10% if the mistake is corrected within two years. Given how steep the penalty is, it's worth building a reliable system or working with someone who tracks it for you rather than relying on memory alone.A Strategy Worth Knowing: Qualified Charitable DistributionsIf you're charitably inclined, a Qualified Charitable Distribution (QCD) lets you transfer funds directly from your IRA to a qualifying charity. That amount can satisfy some or all of your RMD for the year without counting as taxable income which can help keep your adjusted gross income lower, potentially reducing how much of your Social Security is taxed and help avoid higher Medicare premium brackets. This is generally available starting at age 70, even though it's tied to satisfying RMDs that begin later.Why This Deserves Yearly AttentionRMDs aren't a "set it and forget it" task. Your required amount changes every year as your balance and life expectancy factors change, and a distribution can ripple into other parts of your tax return affecting how much of your Social Security is taxable, your Medicare premium bracket, and your overall tax bill. Reviewing your RMD strategy annually, rather than treating it as a single calculation, often uncovers opportunities to plan more efficiently.Want help calculating your RMD or building it into your broader tax strategy? Contact Zunic Advisory Services we're happy to walk through where you stand.
Oasis Senior Advisors provides complimentary, community-focused referral services to help you or your loved one find the ideal senior living arrangement. Leveraging our local expertise and proprietary OasisIQ software, we collaborate with you and your family to identify senior housing options that align with your unique needs and preferences. Navigating long-term care choices can feel daunting, but our certified advisors in Salt Lake City offer free, no-obligation placement assistance throughout Salt Lake County. We take the time to understand your lifestyle, care requirements, and personal preferences, then use our in-depth knowledge of the local area to guide you, coordinate tours, and assist with exploring financial solutions. As your trusted partner for senior housing placement in Salt Lake City and nearby communities, our local advisors offer valuable insights into available care and living options, ensuring you find the right place to call home with confidence and support every step of the way.